<title>增壹阿含12品1經</title> # north 〖agama〗北傳:增壹阿含12品1經, 中阿含98經〖nikaya〗南傳:中部10經〖subject〗關涉主題:實踐/四念住 # agama ## 增壹阿含12品1經[佛光本83經/1法] (壹入道品)(莊春江標點) ᅟᅟ[[note0#001|聞如是]]: ᅟᅟ[[note0#002|一時]],[[note0#003|佛]]在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。 ᅟᅟ爾時,世尊告諸比丘: ᅟᅟ「有[[note5#565|一入道]],淨眾生行,除去愁憂,無有諸[[note3#342|惱]],得大智慧,成[[note0#090|泥洹]]證,所謂:當滅[[note2#287|五蓋]],思惟[[note2#286|四意止]]。云何名為一入?所謂專一心,是謂一入,云何為道?所謂[[note5#525|賢聖八品道]]:一名正見,二名正治,三名正業,四名正命,五名正方便,六名正語,七名正念,八名正定,是謂名道,是謂一入道。 ᅟᅟ云何當滅[[note2#287|五蓋]]?所謂:[[note1#118|貪欲]]蓋、瞋恚蓋、調戲蓋、眠睡蓋、疑蓋,是謂:當滅五蓋。 ᅟᅟ云何思惟[[note2#286|四意止]]?於是,比丘內自觀身,除去惡念,無有愁憂;外自觀身,除去惡念,無有愁憂;[[note2#271|內外觀身]],除去惡念,無有愁憂。內觀[[note1#144|痛]]痛而[[note0#066|自娛樂]];外觀痛痛;內外觀痛痛。內觀心而自娛樂;外觀心;內外觀心。內觀法;外觀法;內外觀法而自娛樂。 ᅟᅟ云何比丘內觀身而自娛樂?於是,比丘觀此身隨其性行,從頭至足,從足至頭,觀此身中皆悉不淨,無有可貪。復觀此身有毛、髮、爪、齒、皮、肉、筋、骨、髓、腦、脂膏、腸、胃、心、肝、脾、腎之屬,皆悉觀知,屎、尿、[[note9#961|生熟二藏]]、目淚、唾、涕、血脈、肪、膽,皆當觀知,無可貪者。如是,諸比丘!當觀身自娛樂,除去惡念,無有愁憂。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘還觀此身有地種耶?水、火、風種耶?如是,比丘觀此身。復次,比丘觀此身,分別諸界:此身有四種,猶如巧能屠牛之士、若屠牛弟子解牛節,解而自觀見:此是腳,此是心,此是節,此是頭,如是,彼比丘分別此界,而自觀察此身有地、水、火、風種。如是,比丘觀身而自娛樂。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀此身有諸孔,漏出不淨,猶如彼人觀竹園,若觀葦叢,如是,比丘觀此身有諸孔,漏出諸不淨。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀死屍,或死一宿,或二宿,或三宿、四宿,或五宿、六宿、七宿,身體膖脹,臭處不淨,復自觀身與彼無異:『吾身不免此患。』若復比丘觀死屍烏鵲、鵄鳥所見噉食,或為虎狼、狗犬、虫獸之屬所見噉食,復自觀身與彼無異:『吾身不離此患。』是謂:比丘觀身而自娛樂。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀死屍,或噉半散落在地,臭處不淨,復自觀身與彼無異:『吾身不離此法。』復次,觀死屍,肉已盡,唯有骨在,血所塗染,復以此身觀彼身亦無有異。如是,比丘觀此身。復次,比丘觀死屍筋纏束薪,復自觀身與彼無異。如是,比丘觀此身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀死屍骨節分散,散在異處,或手骨、腳骨各在一處,或膞骨,或腰骨,或尻骨,或臂骨,或肩骨,或脇骨,或脊骨,或項骨,或髑髏,復以此身與彼無異:『吾不免此法,吾身亦當壞敗。』如是,比丘觀身而自娛樂。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀死屍白色、白珂色,復自觀身與彼無異:『吾不離此法。』是謂:比丘自觀身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘若見死屍骨青瘀想,無可貪者,或與灰土同色,不可分別。如是,比丘自觀身除去惡念,無有愁憂:此身無常,為分散法。如是,比丘內自觀身,外觀身,內外觀身,解無所有。 ᅟᅟ云何比丘內觀痛痛?於是,比丘得樂痛時即自覺知我得樂痛,得苦痛時即自覺知我得苦痛,得不苦不樂痛時即自覺知我得不苦不樂痛;若得[[note6#603|食樂痛]]時便自覺知我得食樂痛,若得食苦痛時便自覺知我得食苦痛,若得食不苦不樂痛時亦自覺知我[得]食不苦不樂痛;若得不食樂痛時便自覺知我得不食樂痛,若得不食苦痛時亦自覺知我不食苦痛,若得不食不苦不樂痛時亦自覺知我得不食不苦不樂痛。如是,比丘內自觀痛。 ᅟᅟ復次,若復比丘得樂痛時,爾時,不得苦痛,爾時,自覺知我受樂痛。若得苦痛時,爾時,不得樂痛,自覺知我受苦痛。若得不苦不樂痛時,爾時,無苦無樂,自覺知我受不苦不樂痛。彼[[note0#067|習法]]而自娛樂,亦觀[[note1#155|盡法]],復觀習盡之法。或復有痛而現在前,可知、可見,思惟原本,無所依倚而自娛樂,不起世間想,於其中亦不驚怖,以不驚怖,便得泥洹:『[[note0#018|生死已盡]],[[note0#019|梵行已立]],[[note0#020|所作已辦]],[[note0#021|更不復受有]],如真實知。』如是,比丘內自觀痛,除去亂念,無有愁憂;外自觀痛;內外觀痛,除去亂念,無有愁憂。如是,比丘內外觀痛。 ᅟᅟ云何比丘觀心心法而自娛樂?於是,比丘有愛欲心便自覺知有愛欲心,無愛欲心亦自覺知無愛欲心;有瞋恚心便自覺知有瞋恚心,無瞋恚心亦自覺知無瞋恚心;有愚癡心便自覺知有愚癡心,無愚癡心便自覺知無愚癡心;有愛念心便自覺知有愛念心,無愛念心便自覺知無愛念心;有[[note5#523|受入]]心便自覺知有受入心,無受入心便自覺知無受入心;有亂念心便自覺知有亂心,無亂心便自覺知無亂心;有散落心亦自覺知有散落心,[[note6#674|無散落心]]便自覺知無散落心;有普遍心便自覺知有普遍心,無普遍心便自覺知無普遍心;有大心便自覺知有大心,無大心便自覺知無大心;有無量心便自覺知有無量心,無無量心便自覺知無無量心;有[[note1#182|三昧]]心便自覺知有三昧心,無三昧心便自覺知無三昧心;未解脫心便自覺知未解脫心,已解脫心便自覺知已解脫心。如是,比丘心{相}[心]觀意止。 ᅟᅟ觀習法,觀盡法,并觀習盡之法,思惟法觀而自娛樂,可知、可見、可思惟、不可思惟,無所猗,不起世間想。已不起想,便無畏怖;已無畏怖,便無餘;已無餘,便涅槃:『生死已盡,梵行已立,所作已辦,更不復受有,如實知之。』如是,比丘內自觀心心意止,除去亂念,無有憂愁,外觀心,內外觀心心意止。如是,比丘心心相觀意止。 ᅟᅟ云何比丘法法相觀意止?於是,比丘修[[note3#315|念覺意]],依觀、依無欲、依滅盡,[[note2#221|捨諸惡法]],修[[note3#311|法覺意]],修[[note3#310|精進覺意]],修[[note3#312|{念}[喜]覺意]],修[[note3#313|猗覺意]],修三昧覺意,修[[note3#314|護覺意]],依觀、依無欲、依滅盡,捨諸惡法。如是,比丘法法相觀意止。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘於愛欲解脫,除惡不善法,[[note1#175|有覺、有觀]],[[note1#174|有猗念樂]],於初禪而自娛樂。如是,比丘法法相觀意止。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘捨有覺、有觀,[[note2#255|內發歡喜]],[[note2#256|專其一意]],成無覺、無觀,念猗喜安,遊二禪而自娛樂。如是,比丘法法相觀意止。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘捨於念,修於護,恆自覺知身覺樂,諸賢聖所求,[[note4#494|護念清淨]],行於三禪。如是,比丘法法相觀意止。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘捨苦樂心,無復憂喜,無苦無樂,護念清淨,樂於四禪。如是,比丘法法相觀意止。彼行習法,行盡法,并行習盡之法而自娛樂,便得法意止而現在前,可知、可見,除去亂想,無所依猗,不起世間想。已不起想,便無畏怖;已無畏怖,生死便盡:『梵行已立,所作已辦,更不復受有,如實知之。』 ᅟᅟ諸比丘!依一入道眾生得清淨,遠[離]愁憂,無{復}[憂]喜想,便逮智慧,得涅槃證,所謂:滅五蓋,修四意止也。」 ᅟᅟ爾時,諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。 ## 中阿含98經/念處經 (因品)(莊春江標點) ᅟᅟ[[note0#001|我聞如是]]: ᅟᅟ[[note0#002|一時]],[[note0#003|佛]]遊拘樓瘦,在劍磨瑟曇拘樓都邑。 ᅟᅟ爾時,[[note0#012|世尊]]告諸[[note0#031|比丘]]: ᅟᅟ「有[[note5#565|一道]],淨眾生,度憂畏,滅苦[[note3#342|惱]],斷啼哭,得正法,謂:[[note2#286|四念處]]。若有過去諸[[note0#004|如來]]、[[note0#005|無所著]]、[[note0#006|等正覺]]悉斷[[note2#287|五蓋]]:心[[note2#288|穢]]、[[note2#283|慧羸]],立心正住於四念處,修七覺支,得覺[[note0#037|無上正盡之覺]];若有未來諸如來、無所著、等正覺悉斷五蓋:心穢、慧羸,立心正住於四念處,修七覺支,得覺無上正盡之覺;我今現在如來、無所著、等正覺,我亦斷五蓋:心穢、慧羸,立心正住於四念處,修七覺支,得覺無上正盡之覺。 ᅟᅟ云何為四?[[note1#176|觀身如身]]念處,{如是觀覺心法}[觀覺如覺念處,觀心如心念處,觀法]如法念處。 ᅟᅟ云何觀身如身念處?比丘者,行則知行,住則知住,坐則知坐,臥則知臥,眠則知眠,寤則知寤,眠{寐}[寤]則知眠寤。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,正知出入,善觀分別,屈伸低{昂}[仰],儀容庠序,善著[[note2#270|僧伽梨]]及諸衣鉢,行、住、坐、臥、眠、寤、語、默皆正知之。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,生惡不善念,以善法念治斷滅止,猶木工師、木工弟子,彼持墨繩,用{拼}[絣]於木,則以利斧斫治令直,如是,比丘生惡不善念,以善法念治斷滅止。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,齒齒相著,舌逼上齶,以心治心,治斷滅止,猶二力士捉一羸人,處處捉旋,自在打鍛,如是,比丘齒齒相著,舌逼上齶,以心治心,治斷滅止。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,念入息即知念入息,念出息即知念出息,入息長即知入息長,出息長即知出息長,入息短即知入息短,出息短即知出息短,[[note5#527|學一切身]]息入,{覺}[學]一切身息出,[[note5#528|學止身行]]息入,學止口行息出。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,[[note1#174|離生喜、樂]],漬身潤澤,普遍充滿於此身中,離生喜、樂無處不遍,猶[[note8#817|工浴人]]器盛[[note9#907|澡豆]],水和成摶,水漬潤澤,普遍充滿無處不周,如是,比丘離生喜、樂,漬身潤澤,普遍充滿於此身中,離生喜、樂,無處不遍。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,定生喜樂,漬身潤澤,普遍充滿,於此身中,定生喜樂,無處不遍,猶如山泉,清淨不濁,充滿流溢,四方水來,無緣得入,即彼泉底,水自涌出,流溢於外,漬山潤澤,普遍充滿,無處不周,如是,比丘定生喜樂,漬身潤澤,普遍充滿,於此身中,定生喜樂,無處不遍。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,無喜生樂,漬身潤澤,普遍充滿,於此身中,無喜生樂,無處不遍,猶青蓮華,紅赤白蓮,水生水長,在於水底,彼根莖華葉,悉漬潤澤,普遍充滿,無處不周,如是,比丘無喜生樂,漬身潤澤,普遍充滿,於此身中,無喜生樂,無處不遍。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,於此身中以清淨心意解遍滿[[note0#066|成就遊]],於此身中,以清淨心無處不遍,猶有一人,被七肘衣或八肘衣,從頭至足,於其身體無處不覆,如是,比丘於此身中,以清淨心無處不遍。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,念[[note5#504|光明想]],善受善持,善憶所念,如前後亦然,如後前亦然,如晝夜亦然,如夜晝亦然,如下上亦然,如上下亦然,如是,不顛倒,心無有纏,修光明心,心終不為闇之所覆。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,善受觀相,善憶所念,猶如有人坐觀臥人,臥觀坐人,如是,比丘善受觀相,善憶所念。如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,此身隨住,隨其好惡,從頭至足,觀見種種不淨充滿:『我此身中有髮、髦[毛]、爪、齒、麁細薄膚皮、肉、筋、骨、心、腎、肝、肺、大腸、小腸、脾、胃、摶糞、腦及腦根、淚、汗、涕、唾、膿、血、肪、髓、涎、{膽}[痰]、小便。』猶如器盛若干種子,有目之士,悉見分明,謂:稻、粟種、蔓菁、芥子,如是,比丘此身隨住,隨其好惡,從頭至足,觀見種種不淨充滿:『我此身中有髮、髦[毛]、爪、齒、麁細薄膚、皮、肉、筋、骨、心、腎、肝、肺、大腸、小腸、脾、胃、摶糞、腦及腦根、淚、汗、涕、唾、膿、血、肪、髓、涎、痰、小便。』如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,觀身諸界:『我此身中有地界、水界、火界、風界、空界、識界。』猶如屠兒殺牛,剝皮布{地於}[於地]上,分作六段,如是,比丘觀身諸界:『我此身中,地界、水界、火界、風界、空界、識界。』如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,觀彼死屍,或一、二日……至六、七日,烏鵄所啄,[[note2#267|豺狼]]所食,火燒埋地,悉腐爛壞,見已自比:『今我此身亦復如是,俱有此法,終不得離。』如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,如本見[[note5#506|息道]],骸骨青色,爛腐{食}[餘]半,骨璅在地,見已自比:『今我此身亦復如是,俱有此法,終不得離。』如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,如本見息道,離皮肉血,唯筋相連,見已自比:『今我此身亦復如是,俱有此法,終不得離。』如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,如本見息道,骨節解散,散在諸方,足骨、膞骨、髀骨、髖骨、脊骨、肩骨、頸骨、髑髏骨,各在異處,見已自比:『今我此身亦復如是,俱有此法,終不得離。』如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀身如身:比丘者,如本見息道,骨白如螺,青猶鴿色,赤若血塗,腐壞碎粖,見已自比:『今我此身亦復如是,俱有此法,終不得離。』如是,比丘觀內身如身,觀外身如身,立念在身,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀身如身。 ᅟᅟ若比丘、比丘尼如是少少觀身如身者,是謂:觀身如身念處。 ᅟᅟ云何觀覺如覺念處?比丘者,覺樂[[note1#144|覺]]時便知覺樂覺;覺苦覺時便知覺苦覺;覺不苦不樂覺時便知覺不苦不樂覺;覺樂身……苦身……不苦不樂身……樂心……苦心……不苦不樂心……[[note6#603|樂食]]……苦食……不苦不樂食……樂無食……苦無食……不苦不樂無食……樂欲……苦欲……不苦不樂欲……樂無欲[覺]……苦無欲覺……不苦不樂無欲覺時便知覺不苦不樂無欲覺。如是,比丘觀內覺如覺,觀外覺如覺,立念在覺,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀覺如覺。若比丘、比丘尼如是少少觀覺如覺者,是謂:觀覺如覺念處。 ᅟᅟ云何觀心如心念處?比丘者,有欲心知有欲心如真,無欲心知無欲心如真,有恚無恚……有癡無癡……有穢污無穢污……有[[note6#674|合]]有散……有下有高……有小有大……修不修……定不定……有不解脫心知不解脫心如真,有解脫心知解脫心如真。如是,比丘觀內心如心,觀外心如心,立念在心,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀心如心。若有比丘、比丘尼如是,少少觀心如心者,是謂:觀心如心念處。 ᅟᅟ云何觀法如法念處?眼[[note2#252|緣]]色生內結:比丘者,內實有結知內有結如真,內實無結知內無結如真,若未生內結而生者知如真,若已生內結滅不復生者知如真。如是,耳、鼻、舌、身,意緣法生內結:比丘者,內實有結知內有結如真,內實無結知內無結如真,若未生內結而生者知如真,若已生內結滅不復生者知如真。如是,比丘觀內法如法,觀外法如法,立念在法,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀法如法,謂:內六處。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀法如法:比丘者,內實有欲知有欲如真,內實無欲知無欲如真,若未生欲而生者知如真,若已生欲滅不復生者知如真。如是,瞋恚、睡眠、{調}[掉]悔,內實有疑知有疑如真,內實無疑知無疑如真,若未生疑而生者知如真,若已生疑滅不復生者知如真。如是,比丘觀內法如法,觀外法如法,立念在法,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀法如法,謂:五蓋也。 ᅟᅟ復次,比丘觀法如法:比丘者,內實有[[note3#315|念覺支]]知有念覺支如真,內實無念覺支知無念覺支如真,若未生念覺支而生者知如真,若已生念覺支便住不忘而不衰退,轉修增廣者知如真。如是,[[note3#311|[擇]法]]……[[note3#310|精進]]……[[note3#312|喜]]……[[note3#313|息]]……定……比丘者,內實有[[note3#314|捨覺支]]知有捨覺支如真,內實無捨覺支知無捨覺支如真,若未生捨覺支而生者知如真,若已生捨覺支便住不忘而不衰退,轉修增廣者知如真。如是,比丘觀內法如法,觀外法如法,立念在法,有知有見,有明有達,是謂:比丘觀法如法,謂:七覺支。若有比丘、比丘尼如是少少觀法如法者,是謂:觀法如法念處。 ᅟᅟ若有比丘、比丘尼七年立心正住四念處者,彼必得二果,或[[note0#042|現法]]得[[note1#191|究竟智]],或[[note3#323|有餘]],得[[note2#209|阿那含]]。置七年,六……五……四……三……二……一年……若有比丘、比丘尼七月立心正住四念處者,彼必得二果,或現法得究竟智,或有餘,得阿那含。置七月,六……五……四……三……二……一月……若有比丘、比丘尼七日七夜立心正住四念處者,彼必得二果,或現法得究竟智,或有餘,得阿那含。置七日七夜,六……五……四……三……二……置一日一夜……若有比丘、比丘尼少少須臾頃立心正住四念處者,彼朝行如是,暮必得昇進;暮行如是,朝必得昇進。」 ᅟᅟ佛說如是,彼諸比丘聞佛所說,歡喜奉行。 # nikaya ## 中部10經/念住大經 (根本法門品[1])(莊春江譯) ᅟᅟ[[note0#001|被我這麼聽聞]]: ᅟᅟ[[note0#002|有一次]],[[note0#012|世尊]]住在俱盧國,名叫葛馬沙達馬的俱盧國城鎮。在那裡,世尊召喚[[note0#031|比丘]]們:「比丘們!」「[[note4#480|尊師]]!」那些比丘回答世尊。世尊說這個:(105) 總說 ᅟᅟ「比丘們!為了眾生的清淨、為了愁悲的超越、為了苦憂的滅沒、為了方法的獲得、為了涅槃的作證,這是[[note5#565|無岔路之道]],即:[[note2#286|四念住]],哪四個?比丘們!這裡,比丘[[note1#176|在身上隨看身地]]住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的[[note4#435|貪婪]]、憂後;在諸受上隨看受地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後;在心上隨看心地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後;在諸法上隨看法地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後。 ᅟᅟ總說終了。(106) 身的隨看‧[[note3#329|入出息]]節 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而怎樣比丘在身上隨看身地住?比丘們!這裡,到[[note1#142|林野]]的,或到樹下的,或到空屋的比丘坐下,盤腿、定置端直的身體、[[note5#529|建立面前的念後]],[[note5#526|他只具念地吸氣]]、只具念地呼氣:當吸氣長時,知道:『我吸氣長。』或當呼氣長時,知道:『我呼氣長。』或當吸氣短時,知道:『我吸氣短。』或當呼氣短時,知道:『我呼氣短。』學習:『[[note5#527|經驗一切身地]],我將吸氣。』學習:『經驗一切身地,我將呼氣。』學習:『[[note5#528|使身行寧靜地]],我將吸氣。』學習:『使身行寧靜地,我將呼氣。』 ᅟᅟ比丘們!猶如熟練的絞車工或絞車工的徒弟,當拉長的時,知道:『我拉長的。』當拉短的時,知道:『我拉短的。』同樣的,比丘們!比丘當吸氣長時,知道:『我吸氣長。』或當呼氣長時,知道:『我呼氣長。』或當吸氣短時,知道:『我吸氣短。』或當呼氣短時,知道:『我呼氣短。』學習:『經驗一切身地,我將吸氣。』學習:『經驗一切身地,我將呼氣。』學習:『使身行寧靜地,我將吸氣。』學習:『使身行寧靜地,我將呼氣。』像這樣,在自身內的[[note1#176|身上隨看身地]]住,或在外部的身上隨看身地住,或[[note2#271|在內外的身上隨看身地]]住,或在身上[[note0#059|隨看]][[note0#067|集法]]地住,或在身上隨看[[note1#155|消散法]]地住,或在身上隨看集、消散法地住,又或『有身體[^2]』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的[^1],住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘在身上隨看身地住。 ᅟᅟ入出息節終了。(107) 身的隨看‧舉止行為節 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!比丘當行走時,知道:『我行走。』或當站立時,知道:『我站立。』或當坐下時,知道:『我坐下。』或當躺著時,知道:『我躺著。』又或一一如身體被定置的那樣知道它。像這樣,在自身內的身上隨看身地住,或在外部的身上隨看身地住,或在內外的身上隨看身地住,或在身上隨看集法地住,或在身上隨看消散法地住,或在身上隨看集、消散法地住,又或『有身體』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的,住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘也在身上隨看身地住。 ᅟᅟ舉止行為節終了。(108) 身的隨看‧正知節 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!比丘在前進後退時是[[note5#544|正知的行為者]];在前視環視時是正知的行為者;在[肢體]屈伸時是正知的行為者;在[[note2#270|大衣]]、鉢、衣服的受持時是正知的行為者;在飲、食、嚼、嚐時是正知的行為者;在大小便動作時是正知的行為者;在行、住、坐、臥、清醒、語、默狀態時是正知的行為者。像這樣,在自身內的身上隨看身地住……(中略)比丘們!這樣,比丘也在身上隨看身地住。 ᅟᅟ正知節終了。(109) 身的隨看‧厭逆作意節 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!比丘就這個身體從腳掌之上,從髮梢之下,皮膚為邊界,有種種種類不淨充滿的,省察:『在這個身體中有頭髮、體毛、指甲、牙齒、皮膚、肌肉、筋腱、骨骼、骨髓、腎臟、心臟、肝臟、肋膜、脾臟、肺臟、腸子、腸間膜、胃、糞便、膽汁、痰、膿、血、汗、脂肪、眼淚、油脂、唾液、鼻涕、關節液、尿。』 ᅟᅟ比丘們!猶如兩端開口的袋子有種種穀物充滿的,即:山米(粳米)、紅米、綠豆,豌豆,胡麻,白米,有眼的男子釋出後省察它:『這些是山米,這些是紅米,這些是綠豆,這些是豌豆,這些是胡麻,這些是白米。』同樣的,比丘們!比丘就這個身體從腳掌之上,從髮梢之下,皮膚為邊界,有種種種類不淨充滿的,省察:『在這個身體中有頭髮、體毛……(中略)尿。』 ᅟᅟ像這樣,在自身內的身上隨看身地住……(中略)比丘們!這樣,比丘也在身上隨看身地住。 ᅟᅟ厭逆作意節終了。(110) 身的隨看‧界作意節 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!比丘就這個身體如是住立的、[[note6#605|如是定置的]]從界省察:『在這身體中有地界、水界、火界、風界。』 ᅟᅟ比丘們!猶如熟練的屠牛夫或屠牛夫的徒弟,殺牛後,一片一片地分解後,坐在大的十字路口。同樣的,比丘們!比丘就這個身體如是住立的、如是定置的從界省察:『在這身體中有地界、水界、火界、風界。』 ᅟᅟ像這樣,在自身內的身上隨看身地住……(中略)比丘們!這樣,比丘也在身上隨看身地住。 ᅟᅟ界作意節終了。(111) 身的隨看‧九墓地節 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!猶如比丘看見被捨棄[[note5#506|在墓地]]的遺骸:已死一天,或已死二天,或已死三天,腫脹的、青瘀的、生膿爛的,他就這個身體比較:『這個身體也有這樣的法,將成為這樣的,未超越這樣的。』 ᅟᅟ像這樣,在自身內的身上隨看身地住……(中略)比丘們!這樣,比丘也在身上隨看身地住。 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!猶如比丘看見被捨棄在墓地的遺骸:被烏鴉吃著,或被鷹吃著,或被禿鷹吃著,或被蒼鷺吃著,或被狗吃著,或被虎吃著,或被豹吃著,或被狐狼吃著,或被許多種生出的蟲吃著,他就這個身體比較:『這個身體也有這樣的法,將成為這樣的,未超越這樣的。』 ᅟᅟ像這樣,在自身內的身上隨看身地住……(中略)比丘們!這樣,比丘也在身上隨看身地住。 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!猶如比丘看見被捨棄在墓地的遺骸:有血肉的、連結筋的骨鎖……(中略)無肉染血的、連結筋的骨鎖……(中略)離血肉的、連結筋的骨鎖……(中略)離連結的、四面八方散亂的骸骨:手骨一處,腳骨一處,腳踝骨一處,小腿骨一處,大腿骨一處,腰骨一處,肋骨一處,脊椎骨一處,肩骨一處,頸骨一處,顎骨一處,齒骨一處,頭蓋骨一處,他就這個身體比較:『這個身體也有這樣的法,將成為這樣的,未超越這樣的。』 ᅟᅟ像這樣,在自身內的身上隨看身地住……(中略)比丘們!這樣,比丘也在身上隨看身地住。 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!猶如比丘看見被捨棄在墓地的遺骸:類似螺貝顏色的白骨……(中略)堆積過一年的骨骸……(中略)腐敗變成粉末的骨骸,他就這個身體比較:『這個身體也有這樣的法,將成為這樣的,未超越這樣的。』像這樣,在自身內的身上隨看身地住,或在外部的身上隨看身地住,或在內外的身上隨看身地住,或在身上隨看集法地住,或在身上隨看消散法地住,或在身上隨看集、消散法地住,又或『有身體』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的,住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘也在身上隨看身地住。 ᅟᅟ九墓地節終了。 ᅟᅟ十四身的隨看終了。(112) 受的隨看 ᅟᅟ比丘們!還有,怎樣比丘在諸受上隨看受地住?比丘們!這裡,比丘當感受樂受時,知道:『我感受樂受。』或當感受苦受時,知道:『我感受苦受。』或當感受不苦不樂受時,知道:『我感受不苦不樂受。』或當感受[[note6#603|肉體的樂受]]時,知道:『我感受肉體的樂受。』或當感受精神的樂受時,知道:『我感受精神的樂受。』或當感受肉體的苦受時,知道:『我感受肉體的苦受。』或當感受精神的苦受時,知道:『我感受精神的苦受。』或當感受肉體的不苦不樂受時,知道:『我感受肉體的不苦不樂受。』或當感受精神的不苦不樂受時,知道:『我感受精神的不苦不樂受。』像這樣,在自身內的諸受上隨看受地住,或在外部的諸受上隨看受地住,或在內外的諸受上隨看受地住,或在受上隨看集法地住,或在受上隨看消散法地住,或在受上隨看集、消散法地住,又或『有受』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的,住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘在諸受上隨看受地住。 ᅟᅟ受的隨看終了。(113) 心的隨看 ᅟᅟ比丘們!還有,怎樣比丘在心上隨看心地住?比丘們!這裡,比丘知道『有貪的心』為有貪的心,或知道『離貪的心』為離貪的心,或知道『有瞋的心』為有瞋的心,或知道『離瞋的心』為離瞋的心,或知道『有癡的心』為有癡的心,或知道『離癡的心』為離癡的心,或知道『[[note6#674|收斂的心]]』為收斂的心,知道『散亂的心』為散亂的心,或知道『廣大的心』為廣大的心,或知道『不廣大的心』為不廣大的心,或知道『有更上的心』為有更上的心,或知道『無更上的心』為無更上的心,或知道『得定的心』為得定的心,或知道『未得定的心』為未得定的心,或知道『已解脫的心』為已解脫的心,或知道『未解脫的心』為未解脫的心。像這樣,在自身內的心上隨看心地住,或在外部的心上隨看心地住,或在內外的心上隨看心地住,或在心上隨看集法地住,或在心上隨看消散法地住,或在心上隨看集、消散法地住地住,又或『有心』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的,住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘在心上隨看心地住。 ᅟᅟ心的隨看終了。(114) 法的隨看‧蓋節 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而怎樣比丘在諸法上隨看法地住?比丘們!這裡,比丘在[[note2#287|五蓋]]上在諸法上隨看法地住。比丘們!還有,怎樣比丘在五蓋上在諸法上隨看法地住呢? ᅟᅟ比丘們!這裡,比丘當有自身內的[[note1#118|欲的意欲]]時,知道:『我有自身內的欲的意欲。』或當沒有自身內的欲的意欲時,知道:『我沒有自身內的欲的意欲。』如未生起欲的意欲的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起欲的意欲的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷欲的意欲的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的惡意時,知道:『我有自身內的惡意。』或當沒有自身內的惡意時,知道:『我沒有自身內的惡意。』如未生起惡意的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起惡意的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷惡意的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的惛沈睡眠時,知道:『我有自身內的惛沈睡眠。』或當沒有自身內的惛沈睡眠時,知道:『我沒有自身內的惛沈睡眠。』如未生起惛沈睡眠的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起惛沈睡眠的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷惛沈睡眠的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的掉舉後悔時,知道:『我有自身內的掉舉後悔。』或當沒有自身內的掉舉後悔時,知道:『我沒有自身內的掉舉後悔。』如未生起掉舉後悔的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起掉舉後悔的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷掉舉後悔的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的疑時,知道:『我有自身內的疑。』或當沒有自身內的疑時,知道:『我沒有自身內的疑。』如未生起疑的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起疑的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷疑的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ像這樣,在自身內的諸法上隨看法地住,或在外部的諸法上隨看法地住,或在內外的諸法上隨看法地住,或在法上隨看集法地住,或在法上隨看消散法地住,或在法上隨看集、消散法地住,又或『有法』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的,住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘對五蓋在諸法上隨看法地住。 ᅟᅟ蓋節終了。(115) 法的隨看‧蘊節 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!比丘在[[note0#036|五取蘊]]上在諸法上隨看法地住。比丘們!還有,怎樣比丘在五取蘊上在諸法上隨看法地住呢?這裡,比丘:『像這樣是色,像這樣是色的[[note0#067|集起]],像這樣是色的滅沒;像這樣是受,像這樣是受的集起,像這樣是受的滅沒;像這樣是想,像這樣是想的集起,像這樣是想的滅沒;像這樣是諸行,像這樣是諸行的集起,像這樣是諸行的滅沒;像這樣是識,像這樣是識的集起,像這樣是識的滅沒。』像這樣,在自身內的諸法上隨看法地住,或在外部的諸法上隨看法地住,或在內外的諸法上隨看法地住,或在法上隨看集法地住,或在法上隨看消散法地住,或在法上隨看集、消散法地住,又或『有法』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的,住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘對五取蘊在諸法上隨看法地住。 ᅟᅟ蘊節終了。(116) 法的隨看‧處節 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!比丘在六內外處上在諸法上隨看法地住。比丘們!還有,怎樣比丘在六內外處上在諸法上隨看法地住呢? ᅟᅟ這裡,比丘知道眼,與知道諸色,以及知道[[note2#252|緣於]]這兩者生起的結縛,如未生起結縛的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起結縛的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷結縛的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ知道耳,與知道諸聲音,以及知道緣於這兩者生起的結縛,如未生起結縛的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起結縛的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷結縛的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ知道鼻,與知道諸氣味,以及知道緣於這兩者生起的結縛,如未生起結縛的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起結縛的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷結縛的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ知道舌,與知道諸味道,以及知道緣於這兩者生起的結縛,如未生起結縛的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起結縛的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷結縛的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ知道身,與知道諸[[note2#220|所觸]],以及知道緣於這兩者生起的結縛,如未生起結縛的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起結縛的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷結縛的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ知道意,與知道諸法,以及知道緣於這兩者生起的結縛,如未生起結縛的生起存在,知道它,與如已生起結縛的捨斷存在,知道它,以及已捨斷結縛的未來不生起存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ像這樣,在自身內的諸法上隨看法地住,或在外部的諸法上隨看法地住,或在內外的諸法上隨看法地住,或在法上隨看集法地住,或在法上隨看消散法地住,或在法上隨看集、消散法地住,又或『有法』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的,住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘對六內外處在諸法上隨看法地住。 ᅟᅟ處節終了。(117) 法的隨看‧覺支節 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!比丘在[[note5#524|七覺支]]上在諸法上隨看法地住。比丘們!還有,怎樣比丘在七覺支上在諸法上隨看法地住呢?這裡,比丘當有自身內的[[note3#315|念覺支]]時,知道:『我有自身內的念覺支。』或當沒有自身內的念覺支時,知道:『我沒有自身內的念覺支。』如未生起念覺支的生起存在,知道它,以及如已生起念覺支修習的圓滿存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的[[note3#311|擇法覺支]]時,知道:『我有自身內的擇法覺支。』或當沒有自身內的擇法覺支時,知道:『我沒有自身內的擇法覺支。』如未生起擇法覺支的生起存在,知道它,以及如已生起擇法覺支修習的圓滿存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的[[note3#310|活力覺支]]時,知道:『我有自身內的活力覺支。』或當沒有自身內的活力覺支時,知道:『我沒有自身內的活力覺支。』如未生起活力覺支的生起存在,知道它,以及如已生起活力覺支修習的圓滿存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的[[note3#312|喜覺支]]時,知道:『我有自身內的喜覺支。』或當沒有自身內的喜覺支時,知道:『我沒有自身內的喜覺支。』如未生起喜覺支的生起存在,知道它,以及如已生起喜覺支修習的圓滿存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的[[note3#313|寧靜覺支]]時,知道:『我有自身內的寧靜覺支。』或當沒有自身內的寧靜覺支時,知道:『我沒有自身內的寧靜覺支。』如未生起寧靜覺支的生起存在,知道它,以及如已生起寧靜覺支修習的圓滿存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的[[note1#182|定]]覺支時,知道:『我有自身內的定覺支。』或當沒有自身內的定覺支時,知道:『我沒有自身內的定覺支。』如未生起定覺支的生起存在,知道它,以及如已生起定覺支修習的圓滿存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ或當有自身內的[[note3#314|平靜覺支]]時,知道:『我有自身內的平靜覺支。』或當沒有自身內的平靜覺支時,知道:『我沒有自身內的平靜覺支。』如未生起平靜覺支的生起存在,知道它,以及如已生起平靜覺支修習的圓滿存在,知道它。 ᅟᅟ像這樣,在自身內的諸法上隨看法地住,或在外部的諸法上隨看法地住,或在內外的諸法上隨看法地住,或在法上隨看集法地住,或在法上隨看消散法地住,或在法上隨看集、消散法地住,又或『有法』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的,住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘對七覺支在諸法上隨看法地住。 ᅟᅟ覺支節終了。(118) 法的隨看‧諦節 ᅟᅟ再者,比丘們!比丘在四聖諦上在諸法上隨看法地住。比丘們!還有,怎樣比丘在四聖諦上在諸法上隨看法地住呢?這裡,比丘如實知道:『這是苦。』如實知道:『這是苦[[note0#067|集]]。』如實知道:『這是苦[[note0#068|滅]]。』如實知道:『這是導向苦[[note0#069|滅道跡]]。』 ᅟᅟ初誦分終了。(119) 苦諦的說明 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是苦聖諦?生是苦,老也是苦,死也是苦,愁、悲、苦、憂、[[note3#342|絕望]]也是苦,與不愛的結合也是苦,與所愛的別離也是苦,凡沒得到想要的,那也是苦。以簡要:五取蘊是苦。(120) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是生?凡一一那些眾生中,以一一那個眾生部類的生、出生、進入[胎]、生起、[[note6#604|生出]]、諸蘊的顯現、諸處的獲得,比丘們!這被稱為生。(121) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是老?凡一一那些眾生中,以一一那個眾生部類的老、老衰、齒落、髮白、皮皺、壽命的衰退、諸根的退化,這被稱為老。(122) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是死?凡一一那些眾生中,以一一那個眾生部類的過世、滅亡、崩解、消失、死亡、壽終、諸蘊的崩解、屍體的捨棄、[[note4#445|命根斷絕]],學友們!這被稱為死。(123) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是愁?比丘們!凡遭遇某些不幸、接觸某些苦法者的愁、憂愁、憂愁的狀態、內部的愁、內部的遍愁,比丘們!這被稱為愁。(124) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是悲?比丘們!凡遭遇某些不幸、接觸某些苦法者的悲歎、悲、哭泣、悲泣、悲歎的狀態、悲泣的狀態,比丘們!這被稱為悲。(125) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是苦?比丘們!凡身的苦、身的不合意的,身觸所生的苦、被感受不合意的,比丘們!這被稱為苦。(126) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是憂?比丘們!凡心的苦、心的不合意的,意觸所生的苦、被感受不合意的,比丘們!這被稱為憂。(127) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是絕望?比丘們!凡遭遇某些不幸、接觸某些苦法者的憂惱、絕望、憂惱的狀態、絕望的狀態,比丘們!這被稱為絕望。(128) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是與不愛的結合也是苦?這裡,凡那些是不想要的、不愉快的、不合意的色、聲、氣味、味道、所觸、法,又或凡那些是對他想要無利益、想要不利、想要不安樂、想要不[[note1#192|軛安穩]]者,凡與那些成為一起會合、聚集、集合、混合狀態,比丘們!這被稱為與不愛的結合是苦。(129) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是與所愛的別離也是苦?這裡,凡那些是想要的、愉快的、合意的色、聲、氣味、味道、所觸、法,又或凡那些是對他想要利益、想要有利益、想要安樂、想要軛安的母親,或父親,或兄弟,或姊妹,或朋友,或同事,或親族血親,凡與那些成為一起不會合、不聚集、不集合、不混合狀態,比丘們!這被稱為與所愛的別離是苦。(130) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是凡沒得到想要的,那也是苦?比丘們![[note5#587|生法]]眾生們的這樣欲求生起:『啊!願我們不成為生法,以及,願生不對我們到來。』但這不能被想要得到。這是凡沒得到想要的,那也是苦。比丘們!老法眾生們的這樣欲求生起:『啊!願我們不成為老法,以及願老不對我們到來。』但這不能被想要得到。這也是凡沒得到想要的,那也是苦。比丘們!病法眾生們的這樣欲求生起:『啊!願我們不成為病法,以及願病不對我們到來。』但這不能被想要得到。這也是凡沒得到想要的,那也是苦。比丘們!死法眾生們的這樣欲求生起:『啊!願我們不成為死法,以及願死不對我們到來。』但這不能被想要得到。這也是凡沒得到想要的,那也是苦。比丘們!愁、悲、苦、憂、絕望法眾生們的這樣欲求生起:『啊!願我們不成為愁、悲、苦、憂、絕望法,以及願愁、悲、苦、憂、絕望法不對我們到來。』但這不能被想要得到。這也是凡沒得到想要的,那也是苦。(131) ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是總括之,五取蘊是苦?即:色取蘊、受取蘊、想取蘊、行取蘊、識取蘊,比丘們!這些被稱為總括之,五取蘊是苦。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!這被稱為苦聖諦。(132) 集諦的說明 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是苦集聖諦?凡這個導致再有的、與歡喜及貪俱行的、[[note0#096|到處歡喜的]]渴愛,即:欲的渴愛、有的渴愛、[[note2#244|無有的渴愛]]。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而這個渴愛它當生起時,在哪裡生起?當安頓時,在哪裡安頓?凡世間中可愛的形色、[[note9#962|合意形色]],這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。 ᅟᅟ而什麼是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色?眼是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓;耳是世間中……(中略)鼻是世間中……舌是世間中……身是世間中……意是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓\[[SN12.66](SN0337)]。 ᅟᅟ諸色是世間中……諸聲是世間中……諸氣味是世間中……諸味道是世間中……諸所觸是世間中……諸法是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。 ᅟᅟ眼識是世間中……耳識是世間中……鼻識是世間中……舌識是世間中……身識是世間中……意識是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。 ᅟᅟ眼觸是世間中……耳觸是世間中……鼻觸是世間中……舌觸是世間中……身觸是世間中……意觸是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。 ᅟᅟ眼觸所生受是世間中……耳觸所生受是世間中……鼻觸所生受是世間中……舌觸所生受是世間中……身觸所生受是世間中……意觸所生受是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。 ᅟᅟ色之想是世間中……聲之想是世間中……氣味之想是世間中……味道之想是世間中……所觸之想是世間中……法之想是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。 ᅟᅟ[[note8#872|色之思]]是世間中……聲之思是世間中……氣味之思是世間中……味道之思是世間中……所觸之思是世間中……法之思是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。 ᅟᅟ色之渴愛是世間中……聲之渴愛是世間中……氣味之渴愛是世間中……味道之渴愛是世間中……所觸之渴愛是在間中……法之渴愛是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。 ᅟᅟ色之尋是世間中……聲之尋是世間中……氣味之尋是世間中……味道之尋是世間中……所觸之尋是世間中……法之尋是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。 ᅟᅟ色之伺是世間中……聲之伺是世間中……氣味之伺是世間中……味道之伺是世間中……所觸之伺是世間中……法之伺是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當生起時,在哪裡生起,當安頓時,在哪裡安頓。比丘們!這被稱為苦集聖諦。(133) 滅諦的說明 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是苦滅聖諦?凡正是那個渴愛的[[note4#491|無餘褪去與滅]]、捨棄、[[note2#211|斷念]]、解脫、無[[note3#391|阿賴耶]]。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而這個渴愛它當被捨斷時,在哪裡被捨斷呢?當被滅時,在哪裡被滅呢?凡世間中可愛的形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。 ᅟᅟ而什麼是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色?眼是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅;耳是世間中……(中略)鼻是世間中……舌是世間中……身是世間中……意是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。 ᅟᅟ諸色是世間中……諸聲是世間中……諸氣味是世間中……諸味道是世間中……諸所觸是世間中……諸法是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。 ᅟᅟ眼識是世間中……耳識是世間中……鼻識是世間中……舌識是世間中……身識是世間中……意識是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。 ᅟᅟ眼觸是世間中……耳觸是世間中……鼻觸是世間中……舌觸是世間中……身觸是世間中……意觸是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。 ᅟᅟ眼觸所生受是世間中……耳觸所生受是世間中……鼻觸所生受是世間中……舌觸所生受是世間中……身觸所生受是世間中……意觸所生受是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。 ᅟᅟ色之想是世間中……聲之想是世間中……氣味之想是世間中……味道之想是世間中……所觸之想是世間中……法之想是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。色之思是世間中……聲之思是世間中……氣味之思是世間中……味道之思是世間中……所觸之思是世間中……法之思是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。 ᅟᅟ色之渴愛是世間中……聲之渴愛是世間中……氣味之渴愛是世間中……味道之渴愛是世間中……所觸之渴愛是在間中……法之渴愛是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。 ᅟᅟ色之尋是世間中……聲之尋是世間中……氣味之尋是世間中……味道之尋是世間中……所觸之尋是世間中……法之尋是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。 ᅟᅟ色之伺是世間中……聲之伺是世間中……氣味之伺是世間中……味道之伺是世間中……所觸之伺是世間中……法之伺是世間中的可愛形色、合意形色,這個渴愛當被捨斷時,在這裡被捨斷,當被滅時,在這裡被滅。比丘們!這被稱為苦滅聖諦。(134) 道諦的說明 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是導向苦滅道跡聖諦?就是這[[note5#525|八支聖道]];即:正見、正志、正語、正業、正命、正精進、正念、正定。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是正見?比丘們!凡在苦上之智,在苦集上之智,在苦滅上之智,在導向苦滅道跡上之智,比丘們!這被稱為正見。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是正志?[[note5#514|離欲的意向]]、[[note5#515|無惡意的意向]]、[[note5#516|無加害的意向]],比丘們!這被稱為正志。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是正語?[[note1#106|妄語]]的戒絕、[[note2#234|離間語]]的戒絕、[[note2#235|粗惡語]]的戒絕、[[note2#236|雜穢語]]的戒絕,比丘們!這被稱為正語。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是正業?殺生的戒絕、[[note1#104|未被給與的拿取]]的戒絕、[[note1#105|邪淫]]的戒絕,比丘們!這被稱為正業。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是正命?比丘們!這裡,[[note0#024|聖弟子]]捨斷邪命後,以正命營生,比丘們!這被稱為正命。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是正精進?比丘們!這裡,比丘為了未生起的惡不善法之不生起使意欲生起、努力、發動活力、盡心、勤奮;為了已生起的惡不善法之捨斷使意欲生起、努力、發動活力、盡心、勤奮;為了未生起的善法之生起使意欲生起、努力、發動活力、盡心、勤奮;為了已生起的諸善法之存續、不忘失、增大、成滿、修習圓滿使意欲生起、努力、發動活力、盡心、勤奮,比丘們!這被稱為正精進。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是正念?比丘們!這裡,比丘在身上隨看身地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後;在諸受上隨看受地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後;在心上隨看心地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後;在諸法上隨看法地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後,比丘們!這被稱為正念。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!而什麼是正定?比丘們!這裡,比丘就從離諸欲後,從離諸不善法後,[[note0#066|進入後住於]]有尋、[[note1#175|有伺]],[[note1#174|離而生喜、樂]]的初禪;從尋與伺的平息,[[note2#256|自身內的明淨]],[[note2#255|心的專一性]],進入後住於無尋、無伺,定而生喜、樂的第二禪;從喜的褪去、住於平靜、有念正知、以身體感受樂,進入後住於聖者們告知凡那個『平靜的、具念的、[[note3#317|安樂住的]]』第三禪;從樂的捨斷與從苦的捨斷,就在之前諸喜悅、憂的滅沒,進入後住於不苦不樂,[[note4#494|平靜、念遍純淨]]的第四禪,比丘們!這被稱為正定。比丘們!這被稱為導向苦滅道跡聖諦。(135) ᅟᅟ像這樣,在自身內的諸法上隨看法地住,或在外部的諸法上隨看法地住,或住於在內外的諸法上隨看法地住,或在法上隨看集法地住,或在法上隨看消散法地住,或在法上隨看集、消散法地住,又或『有法』,他的念被現起,最多為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的,住於無依止的,以及不執取世間中任何事物。比丘們!這樣,比丘住於對四聖諦在諸法上隨看法地住。 ᅟᅟ諦節終了。 ᅟᅟ法的隨看終了。(136) ᅟᅟ比丘們!凡如果任何人在這四念住上這麼修習七年,他的二果其中之一果能被預期:當生[[note4#489|完全智]],或在存在[[note3#323|有餘依]]時,為[[note2#209|阿那含]]位。 ᅟᅟ比丘們!別理會七年,比丘們!凡如果任何人在這四念住上這麼修習六年……(中略)五年……四年……三年……二年……一年……比丘們!別理會一年,比丘們!凡如果任何人在這四念住上這麼修習七個月,他的二果其中之一果能被預期:當生完全智,或在存在有餘依時,為阿那含位。比丘們!別理會七個月,比丘們!凡如果任何人在這四念住上這麼修習六個月……(中略)五個月……四個月……三個月……二個月……一個月……半個月……比丘們!別理會半個月,比丘們!凡如果任何人在這四念住上這麼修習七天,他的二果其中之一果能被預期:當生完全智,或在存在有餘依時,為阿那含位。(137) ᅟᅟ『比丘們!為了眾生的清淨、為了愁悲的超越、為了苦憂的滅沒、為了方法的獲得、為了涅槃的作證,這是無岔路之道,即:四念住。』像這樣,凡那個被說,這是緣於這個被說。」 ᅟᅟ世尊說這個,那些悅意的比丘歡喜世尊的所說。\[[DN.22](DN22)]\(138) ᅟᅟ念住大經第十終了。 ᅟᅟ根本法門品第一終了,其[[note0#035|攝頌]]: ᅟᅟ根本、善自制、法之繼承人,害怕、無穢、希望、衣服, ᅟᅟ削減、正見、念住,殊勝的、無等同的品已善完成。 # pali ## 巴利語經文 (台灣嘉義法雨道場流通的word版本) [MN.10](MN010)/(10) Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ ᅟᅟ 105. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kurūsu viharati kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca– Uddeso ᅟᅟ 106. “Ekāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā, sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāya, dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāya, ñāyassa adhigamāya, nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā. ᅟᅟ “Katame cattāro? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; citte cittānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. ᅟᅟUddeso niṭṭhito. Kāyānupassanā ānāpānapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 107. “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā nisīdati, pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā, ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya, parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So satova assasati, satova passasati. Dīghaṃ vā assasanto ‘dīghaṃ assasāmī’ti pajānāti, dīghaṃ vā passasanto ‘dīghaṃ passasāmī’ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā assasanto ‘rassaṃ assasāmī’ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā passasanto ‘rassaṃ passasāmī’ti pajānāti, ‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmī’ti sikkhati, ‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passasissāmī’ti sikkhati ‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ assasissāmī’ti sikkhati, ‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passasissāmī’ti sikkhati. ᅟᅟ “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dakkho bhamakāro vā bhamakārantevāsī vā dīghaṃ vā añchanto ‘dīghaṃ añchāmī’ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā añchanto ‘rassaṃ añchāmī’ti pajānāti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dīghaṃ vā assasanto ‘dīghaṃ assasāmī’ti pajānāti, dīghaṃ vā passasanto ‘dīghaṃ passasāmī’ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā assasanto ‘rassaṃ assasāmī’ti pajānāti, rassaṃ vā passasanto ‘rassaṃ passasāmī’ti pajānāti; ‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmī’ti sikkhati, ‘sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī passasissāmī’ti sikkhati; ‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ assasissāmī’ti sikkhati, ‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passasissāmī’ti sikkhati. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati. ‘Atthi kāyo’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟĀnāpānapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. Kāyānupassanā iriyāpathapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 108. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gacchanto vā ‘gacchāmī’ti pajānāti, ṭhito vā ‘ṭhitomhī’ti pajānāti, nisinno vā ‘nisinnomhī’ti pajānāti, sayāno vā ‘sayānomhī’ti pajānāti. Yathā yathā vā panassa kāyo paṇihito hoti tathā tathā naṃ pajānāti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati. ‘Atthi kāyo’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟIriyāpathapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. Kāyānupassanā sampajānapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 109. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī hoti, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī hoti, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati …pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟSampajānapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. Kāyānupassanā paṭikūlamanasikārapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 110. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ uddhaṃ pādatalā, adho kesamatthakā, tacapariyantaṃ pūraṃ nānappakārassa asucino paccavekkhati– ‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā lomā nakhā dantā taco maṃsaṃ nhāru aṭṭhi aṭṭhimiñjaṃ vakkaṃ hadayaṃ yakanaṃ kilomakaṃ pihakaṃ papphāsaṃ antaṃ antaguṇaṃ udariyaṃ karīsaṃ pittaṃ semhaṃ pubbo lohitaṃ sedo medo assu vasā kheḷo siṅghāṇikā lasikā muttan’ti. ᅟᅟ “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ubhatomukhā putoḷi pūrā nānāvihitassa dhaññassa, seyyathidaṃ– sālīnaṃ vīhīnaṃ muggānaṃ māsānaṃ tilānaṃ taṇḍulānaṃ. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso muñcitvā paccavekkheyya– ‘ime sālī ime vīhī ime muggā ime māsā ime tilā ime taṇḍulā’ti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ uddhaṃ pādatalā, adho kesamatthakā, tacapariyantaṃ pūraṃ nānappakārassa asucino paccavekkhati– ‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā lomā …pe… muttan’ti. ᅟᅟ “Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati …pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟPaṭikūlamanasikārapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. Kāyānupassanā dhātumanasikārapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 111. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati– ‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti. ᅟᅟ “Seyyathāpi bhikkhave, dakkho goghātako vā goghātakantevāsī vā gāviṃ vadhitvā catumahāpathe bilaso vibhajitvā nisinno assa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ yathāṭhitaṃ yathāpaṇihitaṃ dhātuso paccavekkhati– ‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati …pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟDhātumanasikārapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. Kāyānupassanā navasivathikapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 112. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ ekāhamataṃ vā dvīhamataṃ vā tīhamataṃ vā uddhumātakaṃ vinīlakaṃ vipubbakajātaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati– ‘ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃ-anatīto’ti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati …pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟ “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ kākehi vā khajjamānaṃ kulalehi vā khajjamānaṃ gijjhehi vā khajjamānaṃ kaṅkehi vā khajjamānaṃ sunakhehi vā khajjamānaṃ byagghehi vā khajjamānaṃ dīpīhi vā khajjamānaṃ siṅgālehi vā khajjamānaṃ vividhehi vā pāṇakajātehi khajjamānaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati– ‘ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃ-anatīto’ti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati …pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟ “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ samaṃsalohitaṃ nhārusambandhaṃ …pe… aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ nimaṃsalohitamakkhitaṃ nhārusambandhaṃ …pe… aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ apagatamaṃsalohitaṃ nhārusambandhaṃ …pe… aṭṭhikāni apagatasambandhāni disā vidisā vikkhittāni, aññena hatthaṭṭhikaṃ aññena pādaṭṭhikaṃ aññena gopphakaṭṭhikaṃ aññena jaṅghaṭṭhikaṃ aññena ūruṭṭhikaṃ aññena kaṭiṭṭhikaṃ aññena phāsukaṭṭhikaṃ aññena piṭṭhiṭṭhikaṃ aññena khandhaṭṭhikaṃ aññena gīvaṭṭhikaṃ aññena hanukaṭṭhikaṃ aññena dantaṭṭhikaṃ aññena sīsakaṭāhaṃ. So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati– ‘ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃ-anatīto’ti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati …pe… evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟ “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu seyyathāpi passeyya sarīraṃ sivathikāya chaḍḍitaṃ, aṭṭhikāni setāni saṅkhavaṇṇapaṭibhāgāni …pe… aṭṭhikāni puñjakitāni terovassikāni …pe… aṭṭhikāni pūtīni cuṇṇakajātāni So imameva kāyaṃ upasaṃharati– ‘ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃ-anatīto’ti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā kāye kāyānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā kāyasmiṃ viharati. ‘Atthi kāyo’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟNavasivathikapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. ᅟᅟCuddasakāyānupassanā niṭṭhitā. Vedanānupassanā ᅟᅟ 113. “Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sukhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti; dukkhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti; adukkhamasukhaṃ vā vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti; sāmisaṃ vā sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘sāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti; nirāmisaṃ vā sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘nirāmisaṃ sukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti; sāmisaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘sāmisaṃ dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti; nirāmisaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘nirāmisaṃ dukkhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti; sāmisaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘sāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti; nirāmisaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘nirāmisaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti; iti ajjhattaṃ vā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā vedanāsu viharati. ‘Atthi vedanā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟVedanānupassanā niṭṭhitā. Cittānupassanā ᅟᅟ 114. “Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu citte cittānupassī viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sarāgaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītarāgaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti; sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sadosaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītadosaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti; samohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samohaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītamohaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti; saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘saṃkhittaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vikkhittaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti; mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘mahaggataṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘amahaggataṃ cittan’ti pajānāti; sa-uttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sa-uttaraṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘anuttaraṃ cittan’ti pajānāti; samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samāhitaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘asamāhitaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti; vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vimuttaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘avimuttaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti. Iti ajjhattaṃ vā citte cittānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā citte cittānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā citte cittānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā cittasmiṃ viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā cittasmiṃ viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā cittasmiṃ viharati. ‘Atthi cittan’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu citte cittānupassī viharati. ᅟᅟCittānupassanā niṭṭhitā. Dhammānupassanā nīvaraṇapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 115. “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu nīvaraṇesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu nīvaraṇesu? ᅟᅟ “Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhu santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ kāmacchandaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ kāmacchando’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ kāmacchandaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ kāmacchando’ti pajānāti; yathā ca anuppannassa kāmacchandassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa kāmacchandassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa kāmacchandassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ byāpādaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ byāpādo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ byāpādaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ byāpādo’ti pajānāti; yathā ca anuppannassa byāpādassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa byāpādassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa byāpādassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ thīnamiddhaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ thīnamiddhan’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ thīnamiddhaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ thīnamiddhan’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa thīnamiddhassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa thīnamiddhassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa thīnamiddhassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccan’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ uddhaccakukkuccan’ti pajānāti; yathā ca anuppannassa uddhaccakukkuccassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa uddhaccakukkuccassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa uddhaccakukkuccassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vicikicchaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ vicikicchā’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vicikicchaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ vicikicchā’ti pajānāti; yathā ca anuppannāya vicikicchāya uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannāya vicikicchāya pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnāya vicikicchāya āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati. ‘Atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu nīvaraṇesu. ᅟᅟNīvaraṇapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. Dhammānupassanā khandhapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 116. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu– ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā, iti vedanāya samudayo, iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo; iti saññā, iti saññāya samudayo, iti saññāya atthaṅgamo; iti saṅkhārā, iti saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo, iti saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo; iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti; iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati. ‘Atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu. ᅟᅟKhandhapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. Dhammānupassanā āyatanapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 117. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu? ᅟᅟ “Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhuñca pajānāti, rūpe ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Sotañca pajānāti, sadde ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Ghānañca pajānāti, gandhe ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Jivhañca pajānāti, rase ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Kāyañca pajānāti, phoṭṭhabbe ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Manañca pajānāti, dhamme ca pajānāti, yañca tadubhayaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṃyojanaṃ tañca pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa saṃyojanassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa saṃyojanassa pahānaṃ hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca pahīnassa saṃyojanassa āyatiṃ anuppādo hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati. ‘Atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu. ᅟᅟĀyatanapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. Dhammānupassanā bojjhaṅgapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 118. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati sattasu bojjhaṅgesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati sattasu bojjhaṅgesu? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ satisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa satisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ pītisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti yathā ca anuppannassa pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa pītisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ passaddhisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ samādhisambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa samādhisambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa samādhisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti. ᅟᅟ “Santaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘atthi me ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, asantaṃ vā ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ ‘natthi me ajjhattaṃ upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo’ti pajānāti, yathā ca anuppannassa upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa uppādo hoti tañca pajānāti, yathā ca uppannassa upekkhāsambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāya pāripūrī hoti tañca pajānāti ᅟᅟ “Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati. ‘Atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati sattasu bojjhaṅgesu. ᅟᅟBojjhaṅgapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. Dhammānupassanā saccapabbaṃ ᅟᅟ 119. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati catūsu ariyasaccesu. Kathañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati catūsu ariyasaccesu? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ᅟᅟPaṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito. Dukkhasaccaniddeso ᅟᅟ 120. “Katamañca bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Jātipi dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, maraṇampi dukkhaṃ, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsāpi dukkhā, appiyehi sampayogopi dukkho, piyehi vippayogopi dukkho, yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ, saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā. ᅟᅟ 121. “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jāti? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jāti sañjāti okkanti abhinibbatti khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo āyatanānaṃ paṭilābho, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jāti. ᅟᅟ 122. “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jarā? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jarā. ᅟᅟ 123. “Katamañca, bhikkhave, maraṇaṃ? Yaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṃ maccu maraṇaṃ kālaṅkiriyā khandhānaṃ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo jīvitindriyassupacchedo, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, maraṇaṃ. ᅟᅟ 124. “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, soko? Yo kho, bhikkhave, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa soko socanā socitattaṃ antosoko antoparisoko, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, soko. ᅟᅟ 125. “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paridevo? Yo kho, bhikkhave, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa ādevo paridevo ādevanā paridevanā ādevitattaṃ paridevitattaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, paridevo. ᅟᅟ 126. “Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ? Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ kāyikaṃ asātaṃ kāyasamphassajaṃ dukkhaṃ asātaṃ vedayitaṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ. ᅟᅟ 127. “Katamañca, bhikkhave, domanassaṃ? Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ cetasikaṃ asātaṃ manosamphassajaṃ dukkhaṃ asātaṃ vedayitaṃ, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, domanassaṃ. ᅟᅟ 128. “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, upāyāso? Yo kho, bhikkhave, aññataraññatarena byasanena samannāgatassa aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭhassa āyāso upāyāso āyāsitattaṃ upāyāsitattaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, upāyāso. ᅟᅟ 129. “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho? Idha yassa te honti aniṭṭhā akantā amanāpā rūpā saddā gandhā rasā phoṭṭhabbā dhammā, ye vā panassa te honti anatthakāmā ahitakāmā aphāsukakāmā ayogakkhemakāmā, yā tehi saddhiṃ saṅgati samāgamo samodhānaṃ missībhāvo, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho. ᅟᅟ 130. “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, piyehi vippayogo dukkho? Idha yassa te honti iṭṭhā kantā manāpā rūpā saddā gandhā rasā phoṭṭhabbā dhammā, ye vā panassa te honti atthakāmā hitakāmā phāsukakāmā yogakkhemakāmā mātā vā pitā vā bhātā vā bhaginī vā mittā vā amaccā vā ñātisālohitā vā, yā tehi saddhiṃ asaṅgati asamāgamo asamodhānaṃ amissībhāvo, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, piyehi vippayogo dukkho. ᅟᅟ 131. “Katamañca, bhikkhave, yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ? Jātidhammānaṃ, bhikkhave sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati – ‘aho vata mayaṃ na jātidhammā assāma, na ca vata no jāti āgaccheyyā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. Jarādhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati– ‘aho vata mayaṃ na jarādhammā assāma, na ca vata no jarā āgaccheyyā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. Byādhidhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati– ‘aho vata mayaṃ na byādhidhammā assāma, na ca vata no byādhi āgaccheyyā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. Maraṇadhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati– ‘aho vata mayaṃ na maraṇadhammā assāma, na ca vata no maraṇaṃ āgaccheyyā’ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. Sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammānaṃ, bhikkhave, sattānaṃ evaṃ icchā uppajjati– ‘aho vata mayaṃ na sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā assāma, na ca vata no sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā āgaccheyyun’ti. Na kho panetaṃ icchāya pattabbaṃ, idampi yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ. ᅟᅟ 132. “Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā? Seyyathidaṃ– rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho , saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ. Samudayasaccaniddeso ᅟᅟ 133. “Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandīrāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī. Seyyathidaṃ– kāmataṇhā bhavataṇhā vibhavataṇhā. ᅟᅟ “Sā kho panesā, bhikkhave, taṇhā kattha uppajjamānā uppajjati, kattha nivisamānā nivisati? Yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Kiñca loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ? Cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Sotaṃ loke …pe… ghānaṃ loke… jivhā loke… kāyo loke… mano loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpā loke… saddā loke… gandhā loke… rasā loke… phoṭṭhabbā loke… dhammā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ loke… sotaviññāṇaṃ loke… ghānaviññāṇaṃ loke… jivhāviññāṇaṃ loke… kāyaviññāṇaṃ loke… manoviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Cakkhusamphasso loke… sotasamphasso loke… ghānasamphasso loke… jivhāsamphasso loke… kāyasamphasso loke… manosamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Cakkhusamphassajā vedanā loke… sotasamphassajā vedanā loke… ghānasamphassajā vedanā loke… jivhāsamphassajā vedanā loke… kāyasamphassajā vedanā loke… manosamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpasaññā loke… saddasaññā loke… gandhasaññā loke… rasasaññā loke… phoṭṭhabbasaññā loke… dhammasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpasañcetanā loke… saddasañcetanā loke… gandhasañcetanā loke… rasasañcetanā loke… phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā loke… dhammasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpataṇhā loke… saddataṇhā loke… gandhataṇhā loke… rasataṇhā loke… phoṭṭhabbataṇhā loke… dhammataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpavitakko loke… saddavitakko loke… gandhavitakko loke… rasavitakko loke… phoṭṭhabbavitakko loke… dhammavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpavicāro loke… saddavicāro loke… gandhavicāro loke… rasavicāro loke… phoṭṭhabbavicāro loke… dhammavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ. Nirodhasaccaniddeso ᅟᅟ 134. “Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo. ᅟᅟ “Sā kho panesā, bhikkhave, taṇhā kattha pahīyamānā pahīyati, kattha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati? Yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Kiñca loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ? Cakkhu loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. Sotaṃ loke …pe… ghānaṃ loke… jivhā loke… kāyo loke… mano loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpā loke… saddā loke… gandhā loke… rasā loke… phoṭṭhabbā loke… dhammā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ loke… sotaviññāṇaṃ loke… ghānaviññāṇaṃ loke… jivhāviññāṇaṃ loke… kāyaviññāṇaṃ loke… manoviññāṇaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Cakkhusamphasso loke… sotasamphasso loke… ghānasamphasso loke… jivhāsamphasso loke… kāyasamphasso loke… manosamphasso loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Cakkhusamphassajā vedanā loke… sotasamphassajā vedanā loke… ghānasamphassajā vedanā loke… jivhāsamphassajā vedanā loke… kāyasamphassajā vedanā loke… manosamphassajā vedanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpasaññā loke… saddasaññā loke… gandhasaññā loke… rasasaññā loke… phoṭṭhabbasaññā loke… dhammasaññā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpasañcetanā loke… saddasañcetanā loke… gandhasañcetanā loke… rasasañcetanā loke… phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā loke… dhammasañcetanā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpataṇhā loke… saddataṇhā loke… gandhataṇhā loke… rasataṇhā loke… phoṭṭhabbataṇhā loke… dhammataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpavitakko loke… saddavitakko loke… gandhavitakko loke… rasavitakko loke… phoṭṭhabbavitakko loke… dhammavitakko loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhati. ᅟᅟ “Rūpavicāro loke… saddavicāro loke… gandhavicāro loke… rasavicāro loke… phoṭṭhabbavicāro loke… dhammavicāro loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ. Etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhāmānā nirujjhati. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ. Maggasaccaniddeso ᅟᅟ 135. “Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammā-ājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi. ᅟᅟ “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi? Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi. ᅟᅟ “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo? Nekkhammasaṅkappo abyāpādasaṅkappo avihiṃsāsaṅkappo. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo. ᅟᅟ “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāvācā? Musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāvācā. ᅟᅟ “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammākammanto? Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammākammanto. ᅟᅟ “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammā-ājīvo? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako micchā-ājīvaṃ pahāya sammā-ājīvena jīvitaṃ kappeti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammā-ājīvo. ᅟᅟ “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāvāyāmo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāvāyāmo. ᅟᅟ “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāsati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; citte cittānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāsati. ᅟᅟ “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāsamādhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati, sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāsamādhi. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. ᅟᅟ 136. “Iti ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, bahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati, ajjhattabahiddhā vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati; samudayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, vayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati, samudayavayadhammānupassī vā dhammesu viharati. ‘Atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Evampi kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati catūsu ariyasaccesu. ᅟᅟSaccapabbaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ. ᅟᅟDhammānupassanā niṭṭhitā. ᅟᅟ 137. “Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya satta vassāni, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme aññā; sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā. ᅟᅟ “Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, satta vassāni. Yo hi koci bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya cha vassāni …pe… pañca vassāni… cattāri vassāni… tīṇi vassāni… dve vassāni… ekaṃ vassaṃ… tiṭṭhatu, bhikkhave, ekaṃ vassaṃ. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya satta māsāni, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme aññā; sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā. Tiṭṭhantu, bhikkhave, satta māsāni. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya cha māsāni …pe… pañca māsāni… cattāri māsāni… tīṇi māsāni… dve māsāni… ekaṃ māsaṃ… aḍḍhamāsaṃ… tiṭṭhatu, bhikkhave, aḍḍhamāso. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya sattāhaṃ, tassa dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme aññā sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā”ti. ᅟᅟ 138. “‘Ekāyano ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāya dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāya ñāyassa adhigamāya nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya yadidaṃ cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’ti. Iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vuttan”ti. ᅟᅟ Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. ᅟᅟ Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ. ᅟᅟ Mūlapariyāyavaggo niṭṭhito paṭhamo. ᅟᅟ Tassuddānaṃ– ᅟᅟ Mūlasusaṃvaradhammadāyādā, bheravānaṅgaṇākaṅkheyyavatthaṃ; ᅟᅟ Sallekhasammādiṭṭhisatipaṭṭhaṃ, vaggavaro asamo susamatto. # comp [^1]: ℃「為了智的目的,為了朝向念的目的」(ñāṇamattāya paṭissatimattāya),智髻比丘長老英譯為「為僅夠的理解與深切注意」(for bare knowledge and mindfulness, MN),Maurice Walshe先生英譯為「只在理解與注意到的必要程度」(just to the extent necessary for knowledge and awareness, DN)。按:「朝向念」(paṭissati),這裡將paṭi解為「朝向」,水野弘元《巴利語辭典》作「憶念的; 記憶的」。 [^2]: ℃「有身體」(Atthi kāyoti ),智髻比丘長老英譯為「有身體」(there is a body)。按:《破斥猶豫》、《吉祥悅意》說,這樣的念被現起:「只有身體(kāyova atthi),沒有眾生,沒有人,沒有女人,沒有男人,沒有真我,沒有屬於我的,沒有我,沒有我的,沒有任何人,沒有任何人的。」