<title>Cūḷaniddesa</title>
# north
義 釋 24.難陀所問的說明 (10/7/2020初稿 )
# nikaya
7.難陀學生婆羅門所問的說明
ᅟᅟ46.**[像這樣尊者難陀:]諸牟尼存在於世間中,人們怎樣說那個這個呢?
ᅟᅟᅟ說牟尼是智具足者嗎?還是確實是活命具足者?**
ᅟᅟ「諸牟尼存在於世間中」:「『存在』,存在、被知道、有、被發現。『世間中』,苦界的世間中……(中略)處的世間中。『諸牟尼』,名叫牟尼的邪命外道、尼乾陀、結髮者、苦行者。」為諸牟尼存在於世間中。
ᅟᅟ「[像這樣尊者難陀]」:「『像這樣』,句的接續……(中略)『尊者』,[這是]愛語……(中略)『難陀』,那位婆羅門的名字……(中略)稱呼。」為[像這樣尊者難陀]。
ᅟᅟ「人們怎樣說那個這個呢」:「『人們』為剎帝利、婆羅門、毘舍、首陀羅、在家人、出家人、天、人。『(他們)說』,他們談論、談說、說明、言說。『怎樣…那個這個呢』,疑惑之詢問、困惑之詢問、疑念之詢問、不只一個之詢問,這樣為反問詞、疑問反語、究竟為什麼、到底為什麼呢?」為人們怎樣說那個這個呢?
ᅟᅟ「說牟尼是智具足者嗎」:「他們講、談論、談說、說明、言說牟尼具有、完全具有、到達、完全到達、具足、完全具足、具備八等至智,或五神通智。」為說牟尼是智具足者嗎?
ᅟᅟ「還是確實是活命具足者」:「還是他們講、談論、談說、說明、言說牟尼具有、完全具有、到達、完全到達、具足、完全具足、具備從事各種、種種、極第一難行者、弊穢生活者。」為還是確實是活命具足者?
ᅟᅟ因為那樣,那位婆羅門說:
ᅟᅟ「[像這樣尊者難陀:]諸牟尼存在於世間中,人們怎樣說那個這個呢?
ᅟᅟᅟ說牟尼是智具足者嗎?還是確實是活命具足者?」
ᅟᅟ47.**非以見、非以所聞、非以智,難陀!這裡善巧者們說牟尼,
ᅟᅟᅟ凡離軍團後無惱亂地、離願望地行,我說「他們是牟尼」。**
ᅟᅟ「非以見、非以所聞、非以智」:「『非以見』,非以見純淨。『非以所聞』,非以所聞純淨。『非以智』,非以八等至智,也非以五神通智,也非以邪智。」為非以見、非以所聞、非以智。
ᅟᅟ「難陀!這裡善巧者們說牟尼」:「『善巧者們』,凡那些蘊善巧者們、界善巧者們、處善巧者們、緣起善巧者們、念住善巧者們、正勤善巧者們、神足善巧者們、根善巧者們、力善巧者們、覺支善巧者們、道善巧者們、果善巧者們、涅槃善巧者們,他們不說、不談論、不談說、不說明、不言說牟尼具有、完全具有、到達、完全到達、具足、完全具足、具備見純淨,或所聞純淨,或八等至智,或五神通智,或邪智,或見,或所聞。」為難陀!這裡善巧者們說牟尼。
ᅟᅟ「凡離軍團後無惱亂地、離願望地行,我說『他們是牟尼』」:軍團被稱為魔軍,身惡行為魔軍;語惡行為魔軍;意惡行為魔軍;貪為魔軍;瞋為魔軍;癡為魔軍;憤怒……(中略)怨恨……藏惡……專橫……嫉妒……慳吝……偽詐……狡猾……頑固……激情……慢……極慢……憍慢……放逸……一切污染……一切惡行……一切惱患……一切焦熱……一切熱惱……一切不善造作為魔軍。這被世尊說:
ᅟᅟ「諸欲是你的第一軍隊,不喜樂被稱為第二,
ᅟᅟᅟ饑渴是你的第三,渴愛被說為第四。
ᅟᅟᅟ惛沈睡眠是你的第五,諸恐懼被說為第六,
ᅟᅟᅟ疑是你的第七,藏惡頑固是你的第八。
ᅟᅟᅟ利得名聲恭敬,以及凡錯誤得到的名聲:
ᅟᅟᅟ凡會讚揚自己,以及輕蔑他人。
ᅟᅟᅟ惡魔!這是你的軍隊,邪惡(黑色)的攻擊者,
ᅟᅟᅟ不勇敢者不戰勝他,但戰勝後得到樂。」[Sn.28, 438-441偈]
ᅟᅟ當一切魔軍與一切敵對的污染被四聖道征服、打敗、破壞、瓦解、轉開臉,因為那樣他們被稱為離軍團後。「無惱亂的」,貪是惱亂的;瞋是惱亂的;癡是惱亂的;憤怒是惱亂的;怨恨是惱亂的……(中略)一切不善造作是惱亂的,凡對他們這些惱亂被捨斷、被斷絕、被平靜下來、被止息、不能生起、被智火燃燒者,他們被稱為無惱亂者。「離願望的」:願望被稱為渴愛,那是貪、貪欲(完全貪)……(中略)無明、貪不善根。凡對他們這個願望渴愛被捨斷、被斷絕、被平靜下來、被止息、不能生起、被智火燃燒者,他們被稱為無願望者、阿羅漢、諸漏已滅盡者。「凡離軍團後無惱亂地、離願望地行,我說『他們是牟尼』」:「凡那些離軍團後無惱亂地、離願望地行、住、行動、轉起、守護、使存續、使生存者,我說、我講解、我教導、我告知、我建立、我揭開、我解析、我闡明、我說明。他們是世間中的牟尼。」為凡離軍團後無惱亂地、離願望地行,我說「他們是牟尼」。
ᅟᅟ因為那樣,世尊說:
ᅟᅟ「非以見、非以所聞、非以智,難陀!這裡善巧者們說牟尼,
ᅟᅟᅟ凡離軍團後無惱亂地、離願望地行,我說『他們是牟尼』。」
ᅟᅟ48.**[像這樣尊者難陀:]凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門,以見也以所聞說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ也以戒與禁制說純淨,以各種形色說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ世尊!是否確實那些在那裡自制的行者,渡過生與老?親愛的先生!
ᅟᅟᅟ世尊!我問你、請你為我說那個。**
ᅟᅟ「凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門」:「『凡任何』,全部完全地、每一方面完全地、無剩餘地、整個地,這是遍取的言語,為『凡任何』。『沙門』,凡任何從這裡之外走入遊行者、進入遊行者。『婆羅門』,凡任何對別人稱呼朋友者。」為凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門。
ᅟᅟ「[像這樣尊者難陀]」:「『像這樣』,句的接續……(中略)『尊者』,[這是]愛語……(中略)『難陀』,那位婆羅門的名字……(中略)稱呼。」為[像這樣尊者難陀]。
ᅟᅟ「以見也以所聞說純淨」:「他們以見講、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離;他們也以所聞說、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離;他們也以見與所聞說、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離。」為以見也以所聞說純淨。
ᅟᅟ「也以戒與禁制說純淨」:「他們以戒講、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離;他們也以禁制說、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離;他們也以戒與禁制說、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離。」為也以戒與禁制說純淨。
ᅟᅟ「以各種形色說純淨」:「他們以各種種類的瑞相講、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離。」為以各種形色說純淨。
ᅟᅟ「世尊!是否確實那些在那裡自制的行者」:「『是否』,『疑惑之詢問、困惑之詢問、疑念之詢問、不只一個之詢問句,這樣為反問詞、疑問反語、究竟為什麼、到底為什麼呢?』為是否。『那些』為惡見者。『世尊』,『這是敬重的同義語……(中略)作證的安立(假名),即世尊。』為世尊!是否那些。『在那裡自制的行者』,『在那裡』,在自己的見、自己的喜歡、自己的愛好、自己的主張上。『自制的』,謹慎的、遍謹慎的、守護的、保護的、守衛的、防護的。『行者』,行者[、走動者]、住者、行動者、使轉起者、守護者、使存續者、使生存者。」為世尊!是否確實那些在那裡自制的行者。
ᅟᅟ「渡過生與老,親愛的先生」:「對生、老、死亡他們度脫、超越、通過、越過、克服。『親愛的先生』,這是愛語、敬語、具敬重、具順從的同義語,為親愛的先生。」為渡過生與老,親愛的先生!
ᅟᅟ「世尊我問你、請你為我說那個」:「『我問你』,『我問你;我乞求你;我請求你[;你使我明淨];請你為我講述。』為我問你。『世尊』……(中略)作證的安立(假名),即『世尊』。『請你為我說那個』,請你說、請你講解、請你教導、請你告知、請你建立、請你揭開、請你解析、請你闡明、請你說明。」為世尊我問你、請你為我說那個。
ᅟᅟ因為那樣,那位婆羅門說:
ᅟᅟ「[像這樣尊者難陀:]凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門,以見也以所聞說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ也以戒與禁制說純淨,以各種形色說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ世尊!是否確實那些在那裡自制的行者,渡過生與老?親愛的先生!
ᅟᅟᅟ世尊!我問你、請你為我說那個。」
ᅟᅟ49.**[世尊:「難陀!」]凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門,以見也以所聞說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ也以戒與禁制說純淨,以各種形色說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ即使他們在那裡行自制,我說「他們沒渡過生與老」。**
ᅟᅟ「凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門」:「『凡任何』,全部完全地、每一方面完全地、無剩餘地、整個地,這是遍取的言語,為『凡任何』。『沙門』,凡任何從這裡之外走入遊行者、進入遊行者。『婆羅門』,凡任何對別人稱呼朋友者。」為凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門。
ᅟᅟ「[世尊:『難陀!』]:「『難陀』,世尊以名字稱呼那位婆羅門。『世尊』,這是敬重的同義語……(中略)作證的安立(假名),即『世尊』。」為[世尊:「難陀!」]。
ᅟᅟ「以見也以所聞說純淨」:「他們以見講、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離……(中略)他們也以見與所聞說、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離。」為以見也以所聞說純淨。
ᅟᅟ「也以戒與禁制說純淨」:「他們以戒講、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離……(中略)他們也以戒與禁制說、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離。」為也以戒與禁制說純淨。
ᅟᅟ「以各種形色說純淨」:「他們以各種種類的瑞相講、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離。」為以各種形色說純淨。
ᅟᅟ「即使他們在那裡行自制」:「『即使』,句的接續;句的連結;句的圓滿;文字的結合;辭句的連接;這是句的次第,為『即使』。『他們』為惡見者。『在那裡』,在自己的見、自己的喜歡、自己的愛好、自己的主張上。『自制的』,謹慎的、遍謹慎的、守護的、保護的、守衛的、防護的。『行者』,行者、住者、行動者、使轉起者、守護者、使存續者、使生存者。」為即使他們在那裡行自制。
ᅟᅟ「我說「他們沒渡過生與老」。」:「『對生、老、死亡他們沒度脫、沒超越、沒通過、沒越過、沒克服,生、老、死亡不被出離、不被離開、不被穿越、不被越過、不被克服,他們在生、老、死亡內回轉,他們在輪迴路上回轉,被生伴隨、被老跟隨、被病征服、被死折磨,為無庇護所、無避難所、無歸依所、無歸依者。』我說、我講解、我教導、我告知、我建立、我揭開、我解析、我闡明、我說明。」為我說「他們沒渡過生與老」。
ᅟᅟ因為那樣,世尊說:
ᅟᅟ「[世尊:『難陀!』]凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門,以見也以所聞說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ也以戒與禁制說純淨,以各種形色說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ即使他們在那裡行自制,我說『他們沒渡過生與老』。」
ᅟᅟ50.**[像這樣尊者難陀:]凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門,以見也以所聞說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ也以戒與禁制說純淨,以各種形色說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ牟尼!如果你說他們沒渡過暴流,那麼那樣的話誰在天-人們的世間中,
ᅟᅟᅟ渡過生與老?親愛的先生!世尊我問你、請你為我說那個。**
ᅟᅟ「凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門」:「『凡任何』,全部完全地、每一方面完全地、無剩餘地、整個地,這是遍取的言語,為『凡任何』。『沙門』,凡任何從這裡之外走入遊行者、進入遊行者。『婆羅門』,凡任何對別人稱呼朋友者。」為凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門。
ᅟᅟ「[像這樣尊者難陀]」:「『像這樣』,句的接續……(中略)『尊者』,[這是]愛語……(中略)『難陀』,那位婆羅門的名字……(中略)稱呼。」為[像這樣尊者難陀]。
ᅟᅟ「以見也以所聞說純淨」:「他們以見講、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離……(中略)他們也以見與所聞說、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離。」為以見也以所聞說純淨。
ᅟᅟ「也以戒與禁制說純淨」:「他們講、談論、談說、說明、言說以戒有純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離……(中略)他們也以戒與禁制說、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離。」為也以戒與禁制說純淨。
ᅟᅟ「以各種形色說純淨」:「他們以各種種類的瑞相講、談論、談說、說明、言說純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離。」為以各種形色說純淨。
ᅟᅟ「牟尼!如果你說他們沒渡過暴流」:「『如果他們』為惡見者。『牟尼』,牟那被稱為智……(中略)超越染著網後他是牟尼。『你說沒渡過暴流』,欲的暴流、有的暴流、見的暴流、無明的暴流不被渡過、不被穿越、不被越過、不被克服,他們在生、老、死亡內回轉,他們在輪迴路上回轉,被出生伴隨、被老跟隨、被病征服、被死折磨,為無庇護所、無避難所、無歸依所、無歸依者。『你說』,你說、你講解、你教導、你告知、你建立、你揭開、你解析、你闡明、你說明。」為牟尼!如果你說他們沒渡過暴流。
ᅟᅟ「那麼那樣的話誰在天-人們的世間中,渡過生與老,親愛的先生」:「而誰在包括天,在包括魔,在包括梵的世間;在包括沙門婆羅門,在包括天-人的世代中,對生、老、死亡他度脫、超越、通過、越過、克服。『親愛的先生』,這是愛語、敬語、具敬重、具順從的同義語,為親愛的先生。」為那麼那樣的話誰在天-人們的世間中,渡過生與老,親愛的先生!
ᅟᅟ「世尊我問你、請你為我說那個」:「『我問你』,我問你;我乞求你;我請求你;你使我明淨……。『世尊』,敬重的同義語……(中略)作證的安立(假名),即『世尊』。『請你為我說這個』,請你說、請你講解、請你教導、請你告知、請你建立、請你揭開、請你解析、請你闡明、請你說明。」為世尊我問你、請你為我說那個。
ᅟᅟ因為那樣,那位婆羅門說:
ᅟᅟ「[像這樣尊者難陀:]凡任何這些沙門、婆羅門,以見也以所聞說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ也以戒與禁制說純淨,以各種形色說純淨,
ᅟᅟᅟ牟尼!如果你說他們沒渡過暴流,那麼那樣的話誰在天-人們的世間中,
ᅟᅟᅟ渡過生與老?親愛的先生!世尊我問你、請你為我說那個。」
ᅟᅟ51.**[世尊:「難陀!」]我不說「所有沙門、婆羅門,被生、老覆蓋」,
ᅟᅟᅟ凡確實在這裡對所見或對所聞所覺,還有對戒與禁制全都捨斷後,
ᅟᅟᅟ各種形色也全部捨斷後,遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,
ᅟᅟ我說「那些人確實渡過暴流」。**
ᅟᅟ「[世尊:『難陀!』]我不說『所有沙門、婆羅門,被生、老覆蓋』」:「難陀!我不說『所有沙門、婆羅門,都被出生、衰老妨礙(阻隔)、包住、覆障、關閉(覆蓋)、覆藏、包覆』,我說、我講解、我教導、我告知、我建立、我揭開、我解析、我闡明、我說明『有那些沙門、婆羅門,對他們出生與衰老死亡已被捨斷,根已被切斷,[如]已斷根的棕櫚樹,成為非有,為未來不生之物』。」為[世尊:「難陀!」]我不說「所有沙門、婆羅門,被生、老覆蓋」。
ᅟᅟ「凡確實在這裡對所見或對所聞所覺,還有對戒與禁制全都捨斷後」:「凡一切所見純淨捨斷後、離棄後、捨棄後、驅離後、作終結後、使之走到不存在後;凡一切所聞純淨捨斷後……(中略)凡一切所覺純淨捨斷後……凡一切所見所聞所覺純淨捨斷後……凡一切戒純淨捨斷後……凡一切禁制純淨捨斷後……凡一切戒與禁制純淨捨斷後、離棄後、捨棄後、驅離後、作終結後、使之走到不存在後。」為凡確實在這裡對所見或對所聞所覺,還有對戒與禁制全都捨斷後。
ᅟᅟ「各種形色也全部捨斷後」:「以各種種類的瑞相有純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離捨斷後、離棄後、捨棄後、驅離後、作終結後、使之走到不存在後。」為各種形色也全部捨斷後。
ᅟᅟ「遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,我說『那些人確實渡過暴流』」:「『渴愛』為色的渴愛、聲音的渴愛、氣味的渴愛、味道的渴愛、所觸的渴愛、法的渴愛。『遍知渴愛後』,以三種遍知遍知渴愛後:所知遍知、衡量遍知、捨斷遍知。什麼是所知遍知?『知道渴愛:這是色的渴愛、這是聲音的渴愛、這是氣味的渴愛、這是味道的渴愛、這是所觸的渴愛、這是法的渴愛。』他知道、看見,這是所知遍知。
ᅟᅟ什麼是衡量遍知?作這樣已知後,渴愛他使之衡量是無常的、苦的、病的、腫瘤的……(中略)他使之衡量是出離,這是衡量遍知。
ᅟᅟ什麼是捨斷遍知?這樣衡量後,渴愛他捨斷、驅離、作終結、使之走到不存在。這被世尊說:比丘們!凡關於渴愛的欲、貪,你們要捨斷,這樣,那個渴愛必將被捨斷,根被切斷,[如]已斷根的棕櫚樹,成為非有,為未來不生之物\[[SN22.25](SN0543)]。這是捨斷遍知。『遍知渴愛後』,以這三種遍知遍知渴愛後。『無漏者』,有四種煩惱:欲漏、有漏、見的煩惱、無明漏。對他們,這些煩惱已被捨斷,根已被切斷,[如]已斷根的棕櫚樹,成為非有,為未來不生之物,他們被稱為無漏者、阿羅漢、諸漏已滅盡者,為遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們。
ᅟᅟ『我說「那些人確實渡過暴流」』:凡遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,我說、我講解、我教導、我告知、我建立、我揭開、我解析、我闡明、我說明『他們欲的暴流已渡過;有的暴流已渡過;見的暴流已渡過;無明的暴流已渡過;一切輪迴路已渡過、已出來、已越度、已穿越、已越過、已克服』。」為遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,
ᅟᅟ我說「那些人確實渡過暴流」。
ᅟᅟ因為那樣,世尊說:
ᅟᅟ「[世尊:『難陀!』]我不說『所有沙門、婆羅門,被生、老覆蓋』,
ᅟᅟᅟ凡確實在這裡對所見或對所聞所覺,還有對戒與禁制全都捨斷後,
ᅟᅟᅟ各種形色也全部捨斷後,遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,我說『那些人確實渡過暴流』。」
ᅟᅟ52.**我大歡喜大仙的這個言語,善講述的喬答摩是無依著者,
ᅟᅟᅟ凡在這裡對所見或對所聞所覺,還有對戒與禁制全都捨斷後,
ᅟᅟᅟ各種形色也全部捨斷後,遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,我也說「他們渡過暴流」。**
ᅟᅟ「我大歡喜大仙的這個言語」:「『這個』,你的言語、語路、教說、告誡、教誡。我歡喜:我大歡喜,我欣喜,我隨喜,我想要,我受用[,我乞求],我希求,我熱望,我祈求。『大仙』,為何世尊是大仙?『大戒蘊之尋求者、追求者、遍尋者』為大仙……(中略)『人中之牛王在何處?』為大仙。」為我大歡喜大仙的這個言語。
ᅟᅟ「善講述的喬答摩是無依著者」:「『善講述的』,善講述的[、善解說的]、善講解的、善教導的、善告知的、善建立的、善揭開的、善解析的、善闡明的、善說明的。『喬答摩是無依著者』,依著被稱為諸污染與諸蘊及諸造作。依著的捨斷、依著的寂滅、依著的斷念、依著的止息、不死、涅槃。」為善講述的喬答摩是無依著者。
ᅟᅟ「凡在這裡對所見或對所聞所覺,還有對戒與禁制全都捨斷後」:「凡一切所見純淨捨斷後、離棄後、捨棄後、驅離後、作終結後、使之走到不存在後;凡一切所聞純淨捨斷後……(中略)凡一切所覺純淨捨斷後……凡一切所見所聞所覺純淨捨斷後……凡一切戒純淨捨斷後……凡一切禁制純淨捨斷後……凡一切戒與禁制純淨捨斷後、離棄後、捨棄後、驅離後、作終結後、使之走到不存在後。」為凡確實在這裡對所見或對所聞所覺,還有對戒與禁制全都捨斷後。
ᅟᅟ「各種形色也全部捨斷後」:「以各種種類的瑞相有純淨、清淨、遍純淨;脫離、解脫、遍脫離捨斷後、離棄後、捨棄後、驅離後、作終結後、使之走到不存在後。」為各種形色也全部捨斷後。
ᅟᅟ「遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,我也說『他們渡過暴流』」:「渴愛」為色的渴愛、聲音的渴愛、氣味的渴愛、味道的渴愛、所觸的渴愛、法的渴愛。「遍知渴愛後」,以三種遍知遍知渴愛後:所知遍知、衡量遍知、捨斷遍知。什麼是所知遍知?「知道渴愛:這是色的渴愛、這是聲音的渴愛、這是氣味的渴愛、這是味道的渴愛、這是所觸的渴愛、這是法的渴愛。」他知道、看見,這是所知遍知。
ᅟᅟ什麼是衡量遍知?作這樣已知後,渴愛他使之衡量是無常的、苦的、病、腫瘤、箭、禍、疾病、另一邊的、敗壞、災難、禍害、恐怖、災禍、搖動的、易壞的、不堅固的、無庇護所、無避難所、無歸依所、無歸依者、被捨的、虛偽的、空的、無我的、過患、變易法、不實的、不幸的根、殺害者、無有的、有漏的、有為的、魔的餌、生法、老法、病法、死法、愁悲苦憂絕望法、污染法,他使之衡量是集起、滅沒、樂味、過患、出離,這是衡量遍知。
ᅟᅟ什麼是捨斷遍知?這樣衡量後,渴愛他捨斷、驅離、作終結、使之走到不存在,這是捨斷遍知。
ᅟᅟ「遍知渴愛後」,以這三種遍知遍知渴愛後。「無漏者」,有四種煩惱:欲漏、有漏、見的煩惱、無明漏。對他們,這些煩惱已被捨斷,根已被切斷,[如]已斷根的棕櫚樹,成為非有,為未來不生之物,他們被稱為無漏者、阿羅漢、諸漏已滅盡者,為遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們。「遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,我也說『他們渡過暴流』」:「凡遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,我也說『他們欲的暴流已渡過;有的暴流已渡過;見的暴流已渡過;無明的暴流已渡過;一切輪迴路已渡過、已出來、已越度、已穿越、已越過、已克服』。」為遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,我也說「他們渡過暴流」。
ᅟᅟ因為那樣,那位婆羅門說:
ᅟᅟ「我大歡喜大仙的這個言語,善講述的喬答摩是無依著者,
ᅟᅟᅟ凡在這裡對所見或對所聞所覺,還有對戒與禁制全都捨斷後,
ᅟᅟᅟ各種形色也全部捨斷後,遍知渴愛後成為無漏者們,我也說『他們渡過暴流』。」
ᅟᅟ難陀學生婆羅門所問的說明第七[已完成]。
摘記:
ᅟ非以見、聞、戒與禁制清淨、智(八等至智與五神通智)得解脫,而是捨斷各種形色、遍知渴愛。
ᅟ10/21/2020 06:25
# pali
7. Nandamāṇavapucchāniddeso
ᅟᅟ46.Santiloke munayo, [iccāyasmā nando]
ᅟᅟJanā vadanti tayidaṃ kathaṃsu;
ᅟᅟÑāṇūpapannaṃ muni no vadanti, udāhu ve jīvitenūpapannaṃ[jīvikenūpapannaṃ (syā.)].
ᅟᅟSanti loke munayoti. Santīti santi saṃvijjanti atthi upalabbhanti. Loketi apāyaloke…pe… āyatanaloke. Munayoti munināmakā ājīvakā nigaṇṭhā jaṭilā tāpasā . (Devā loke munayoti sañjānanti, na ca te munayo) [( ) etthantare pāṭho natthi syā. potthake] ti. Santi loke munayo. Iccāyasmā nandoti. Iccāti padasandhi…pe…. Āyasmāti piyavacanaṃ…pe…. Nandoti tassa brāhmaṇassa nāmaṃ…pe… abhilāpoti – iccāyasmā nando.
ᅟᅟJanāvadanti tayidaṃ kathaṃsūti. Janāti khattiyā ca brāhmaṇā ca vessā ca suddā ca gahaṭṭhā ca pabbajitā ca devā ca manussā ca. Vadantīti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharanti. Tayidaṃ kathaṃsūti saṃsayapucchā vimatipucchā dveḷhakapucchā anekaṃsapucchā ‘‘evaṃ nu kho, na nu kho, kiṃ nu kho, kathaṃ nu kho’’ti – janā vadanti tayidaṃ kathaṃsu.
ᅟᅟÑāṇūpapannaṃ muni no vadantīti . Aṭṭha samāpattiñāṇena vā pañcābhiññāñāṇena vā upetaṃ samupetaṃ upāgataṃ samupāgataṃ upapannaṃ samupapannaṃ samannāgataṃ muniṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – ñāṇūpapannaṃ muni no vadanti.
ᅟᅟUdāhu ve jīvitenūpapannanti udāhu anekavividhaatiparamadukkarakārikalūkhajīvitānuyogena upetaṃ samupetaṃ upāgataṃ samupāgataṃ upapannaṃ samupapannaṃ samannāgataṃ muniṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – udāhu ve jīvitenūpapannaṃ. Tenāha so brāhmaṇo –
ᅟᅟ‘‘Santi loke munayo, [iccāyasmā nando]
ᅟᅟJanā vadanti tayidaṃ kathaṃsu;
ᅟᅟÑāṇūpapannaṃ muni no vadanti, udāhu ve jīvitenūpapanna’’nti.
ᅟᅟ47.Na diṭṭhiyā na sutiyā na ñāṇena,
ᅟᅟMunīdha nanda kusalā vadanti;
ᅟᅟVisenikatvā[viseniṃkatvā (ka.) mahāni. 68]anīghā nirāsā, caranti ye te munayoti brūmi.
ᅟᅟNa diṭṭhiyā na sutiyā na ñāṇenāti. Na diṭṭhiyāti na diṭṭhasuddhiyā. Na sutiyāti na sutasuddhiyā. Na ñāṇenāti napi aṭṭhasamāpattiñāṇena napi pañcābhiññāñāṇena napi micchāñāṇenāti – na diṭṭhiyā na sutiyā na ñāṇena.
ᅟᅟMunīdha nanda kusalā vadantīti. Kusalāti ye te khandhakusalā dhātukusalā āyatanakusalā paṭiccasamuppādakusalā satipaṭṭhānakusalā sammappadhānakusalā iddhipādakusalā indriyakusalā balakusalā bojjhaṅgakusalā maggakusalā phalakusalā nibbānakusalā diṭṭhasuddhiyā vā sutasuddhiyā vā aṭṭhasamāpattiñāṇena vā pañcābhiññāñāṇena vā micchāñāṇena vā diṭṭhena vā sutena vā upetaṃ samupetaṃ upāgataṃ samupāgataṃ upapannaṃ samupapannaṃ samannāgataṃ muniṃ na vadanti na kathenti na bhaṇanti na dīpayanti na voharantīti – munīdha nanda kusalā vadanti.
ᅟᅟVisenikatvā anīghā nirāsā, caranti ye te munayoti brūmīti senā vuccati mārasenā, kāyaduccaritaṃ mārasenā, vacīduccaritaṃ mārasenā, manoduccaritaṃ mārasenā, rāgo mārasenā, doso mārasenā, moho mārasenā, kodho…pe… upanāho… makkho… paḷāso… issā… macchariyaṃ… māyā… sāṭheyyaṃ… thambho… sārambho… māno… atimāno… mado… pamādo… sabbe kilesā sabbe duccaritā sabbe darathā sabbe pariḷāhā sabbe santāpā sabbākusalābhisaṅkhārā mārasenā. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –
ᅟᅟ‘‘Kāmā te paṭhamā senā, dutiyā arati vuccati;
ᅟᅟTatiyā khuppipāsā te, catutthī taṇhā pavuccati.
ᅟᅟ‘‘Pañcamaṃ thinamiddhaṃ te, chaṭṭhā bhīrū pavuccati;
ᅟᅟSattamī vicikicchā te, makkho thambho te aṭṭhamo;
ᅟᅟLābho siloko sakkāro, micchāladdho ca yo yaso.
ᅟᅟ‘‘Yo cattānaṃ samukkaṃse, pare ca avajānāti;
ᅟᅟEsā namuci te senā [esā te namuci senā (syā. ka.) su. ni. 441], kaṇhassābhippahārinī;
ᅟᅟNa naṃ asūro jināti, jetvā ca labhate sukha’’nti.
ᅟᅟYato catūhi ariyamaggehi sabbā ca mārasenā sabbe ca paṭisenikarā [viseniṃkatvā (ka.) mahāni. 68] kilesā jitā ca parājitā ca bhaggā vippaluggā [vippaluggatā (syā.) passa mahāni. 28] parammukhā, tena vuccanti visenikatvā. Anīghāti rāgo nīgho, doso nīgho, moho nīgho, kodho nīgho, upanāho nīgho…pe… sabbākusalābhisaṅkhārā nīghā. Yesaṃ ete nīghā pahīnā samucchinnā vūpasantā paṭippassaddhā abhabbuppattikā ñāṇagginā daḍḍhā te vuccanti anīghā. Nirāsāti āsā vuccati taṇhā. Yo rāgo sārāgo…pe… avijjā lobho akusalamūlaṃ. Yesaṃ esā āsā taṇhā pahīnā samucchinnā vūpasantā paṭippassaddhā abhabbuppattikā ñāṇagginā daḍḍhā, te vuccanti nirāsā arahanto khīṇāsavā. Visenikatvā anīghā nirāsā, caranti ye te munayoti brūmīti ye te visenikatvāva anīghā ca nirāsā ca caranti viharanti iriyanti vattenti pālenti yapenti yāpenti, te loke munayoti brūmi ācikkhāmi desemi paññapemi paṭṭhapemi vivarāmi vibhajāmi uttānīkaromi pakāsemīti – visenikatvā anīghā nirāsā, caranti ye te munayoti brūmi. Tenāha bhagavā –
ᅟᅟ‘‘Na diṭṭhiyā na sutiyā na ñāṇena, munīdha nanda kusalā vadanti;
ᅟᅟVisenikatvā anīghā nirāsā, caranti ye te munayoti brūmī’’ti.
ᅟᅟ48.Ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, [iccāyasmā nando]
ᅟᅟDiṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ;
ᅟᅟSīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ, anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟKaccissu te bhagavā tattha yatā carantā, atāru jātiñca jarañca mārisa;
ᅟᅟPucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi metaṃ.
ᅟᅟYe kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāseti. Ye kecīti sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ asesaṃ nissesaṃ pariyādiyanavacanametaṃ – ye kecīti. Samaṇāti ye keci ito bahiddhā pabbajjūpagatā paribbājakasamāpannā. Brāhmaṇāti ye keci bhovādikāti – ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse. Iccāyasmā nandoti. Iccāti padasandhi…pe…. Āyasmāti piyavacanaṃ…pe…. Nandoti. Tassa brāhmaṇassa nāmaṃ…pe… abhilāpoti – iccāyasmā nando.
ᅟᅟDiṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhinti diṭṭhenapi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharanti ; sutenapi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharanti; diṭṭhassutenapi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – diṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟSīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhinti sīlenapi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharanti; vatenapi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharanti; sīlabbatenāpi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – sīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟAnekarūpena vadanti suddhinti anekavidhakotūhalamaṅgalena [anekavidhavatta kutūhalamaṅgalena (syā.)] suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟKaccisu te bhagavā tattha yatā carantāti. Kaccissūti saṃsayapucchā vimatipucchā dveḷhakapucchā anekaṃsapucchā, ‘‘evaṃ nu kho, na nu kho, kiṃ nu kho, kathaṃ nu kho’’ti – kaccissu. Teti diṭṭhigatikā. Bhagavāti gāravādhivacanametaṃ…pe… sacchikā paññatti, yadidaṃ bhagavāti – kaccissu te bhagavā. Tattha yatā carantāti. Tatthāti sakāya diṭṭhiyā sakāya khantiyā sakāya ruciyā sakāya laddhiyā. Yatāti yattā paṭiyattā [yatā paṭiyatā (syā.)] guttā gopitā rakkhitā saṃvutā. Carantāti carantā viharantā iriyantā vattentā pālentā yapentā yāpentāti – kaccissu te bhagavā tattha yatā carantā.
ᅟᅟAtāru jātiñca jarañca mārisāti jātijarāmaraṇaṃ atariṃsu uttariṃsu patariṃsu samatikkamiṃsu vītivattiṃsu. Mārisāti piyavacanaṃ garuvacanaṃ sagāravasappatissādhivacanametaṃ – mārisāti – atāru jātiñca jarañca mārisa.
ᅟᅟPucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi metanti. Pucchāmi tanti pucchāmi taṃ yācāmi taṃ ajjhesāmi taṃ, kathayassu meti pucchāmi taṃ. Bhagavāti…pe… sacchikā paññatti, yadidaṃ bhagavāti. Brūhi metanti brūhi ācikkhāhi desehi paññapehi paṭṭhapehi vivarāhi vibhajāhi uttānīkarohi pakāsehīti – pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi metaṃ. Tenāha so brāhmaṇo –
ᅟᅟ‘‘Ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, [iccāyasmā nando]
ᅟᅟDiṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ;
ᅟᅟSīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ, anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟ‘‘Kaccissu te bhagavā tattha yatā carantā,
ᅟᅟAtāru jātiñca jarañca mārisa;
ᅟᅟPucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi meta’’nti.
ᅟᅟ49.Ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, [nandāti bhagavā]
ᅟᅟDiṭṭhassutenāpivadanti suddhiṃ;
ᅟᅟSīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ, anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ;
ᅟᅟKiñcāpi te tattha yatā caranti, nātariṃsu jātijaranti brūmi.
ᅟᅟYe kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāseti. Ye kecīti sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ asesaṃ nissesaṃ pariyādiyanavacanametaṃ – ye kecīti. Samaṇāti ye keci ito bahiddhā pabbajjūpagatā paribbājakasamāpannā. Brāhmaṇāti ye keci bhovādikāti – ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse. Nandāti bhagavāti. Nandāti bhagavā taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ nāmena ālapati. Bhagavāti gāravādhivacanametaṃ…pe… sacchikā paññatti, yadidaṃ bhagavāti – nandāti bhagavā.
ᅟᅟDiṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhinti diṭṭhenapi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharanti; sutenapi suddhiṃ…pe… diṭṭhassutenapi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – diṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟSīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhinti sīlenapi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharanti ; vatenapi suddhiṃ…pe… voharanti; sīlabbatenāpi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – sīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟAnekarūpena vadanti suddhinti anekavidhakotūhalamaṅgalena suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟKiñcāpi te tattha yatā carantīti. Kiñcāpīti padasandhi padasaṃsaggo padapāripūrī akkharasamavāyo byañjanasiliṭṭhatā padānupubbatāpetaṃ – kiñcāpīti. Teti diṭṭhigatikā. Tatthāti sakāya diṭṭhiyā sakāya khantiyā sakāya ruciyā sakāya laddhiyā. Yatāti yattā paṭiyattā guttā gopitā rakkhitā saṃvutā. Carantīti caranti viharanti iriyanti vattenti pālenti yapenti yāpentīti – kiñcāpi te tattha yatā caranti.
ᅟᅟNātariṃsu jātijaranti brūmīti jātijarāmaraṇaṃ na tariṃsu na uttariṃsu na patariṃsu na samatikkamiṃsu na vītivattiṃsu, jātijarāmaraṇā anikkhantā anissaṭā anatikkantā asamatikkantā avītivattā, antojātijarāmaraṇe parivattenti, antosaṃsārapathe parivattenti, jātiyā anugatā, jarāya anusaṭā, byādhinā abhibhūtā, maraṇena abbhāhatā atāṇā aleṇā asaraṇā asaraṇībhūtāti brūmi ācikkhāmi desemi paññapemi paṭṭhapemi vivarāmi vibhajāmi uttānīkaromi pakāsemīti – nātariṃsu jātijaranti brūmi. Tenāha bhagavā –
ᅟᅟ‘‘Ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, [nandāti bhagavā]
ᅟᅟDiṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ;
ᅟᅟSīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ, anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ;
ᅟᅟKiñcāpi te tattha yatā caranti, nātariṃsu jātijaranti brūmī’’ti.
ᅟᅟ50.Ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, [iccāyasmā nando]
ᅟᅟDiṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ;
ᅟᅟSīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ, anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟTece munī brūsi anoghatiṇṇe, atha ko carahi devamanussaloke;
ᅟᅟAtāri jātiñca jarañca mārisa, pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi metaṃ.
ᅟᅟYe kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāseti. Ye kecīti sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ asesaṃ nissesaṃ pariyādiyanavacanametaṃ – ye kecīti. Samaṇāti ye keci ito bahiddhā pabbajjūpagatā paribbājakasamāpannā. Brāhmaṇāti ye keci bhovādikāti – ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse. Iccāyasmānandoti. Iccāti padasandhi…pe… iccāyasmā nando.
ᅟᅟDiṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhinti diṭṭhenapi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharanti; sutenāpi suddhiṃ…pe… diṭṭhassutenāpi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – diṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟSīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhinti sīlenāpi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharanti; vatenāpi suddhiṃ…pe… voharanti; sīlabbatenāpi suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – sīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟAnekarūpena vadanti suddhinti anekavidhakotūhalamaṅgalena suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ vadanti kathenti bhaṇanti dīpayanti voharantīti – anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟTe ce munī brūsi anoghatiṇṇeti. Te ceti diṭṭhigatike. Munīti monaṃ vuccati ñāṇaṃ…pe… saṅgajālamaticca so muni . Brūsi anoghatiṇṇeti kāmoghaṃ bhavoghaṃ diṭṭhoghaṃ avijjoghaṃ atiṇṇe anatikkante asamatikkante avītivatte antojātijarāmaraṇe parivattente antosaṃsārapathe parivattente jātiyā anugate jarāya anusaṭe byādhinā abhibhūte maraṇena abbhāhate atāṇe aleṇe asaraṇe asaraṇībhūte. Brūsīti brūsi ācikkhasi desesi paññapesi paṭṭhapesi vivarasi vibhajasi uttānīkarosi pakāsesīti – te ce munī brūsi anoghatiṇṇe.
ᅟᅟAtha ko carahi devamanussaloke, atāri jātiñca jarañca mārisāti atha ko eso sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya jātijarāmaraṇaṃ atari uttari patari samatikkami vītivattayi. Mārisāti piyavacanaṃ garuvacanaṃ sagāravasappatissādhivacanametaṃ mārisāti – atha ko carahi devamanussaloke, atāri jātiñca jarañca mārisa.
ᅟᅟPucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi metanti. Pucchāmi tanti pucchāmi taṃ yācāmi taṃ ajjhesāmi taṃ pasādemi taṃ. Bhagavāti gāravādhivacanametaṃ…pe… sacchikā paññatti, yadidaṃ bhagavāti. Brūhi metanti brūhi ācikkhāhi desehi paññapehi paṭṭhapehi vivarāhi vibhajāhi uttānīkarohi pakāsehīti – pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi metaṃ. Tenāha so brāhmaṇo –
ᅟᅟ‘‘Ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, [iccāyasmā nando]
ᅟᅟDiṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ;
ᅟᅟSīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ, anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ.
ᅟᅟTe ce munī brūsi anoghatiṇṇe, atha ko carahi devamanussaloke;
ᅟᅟAtāri jātiñca jarañca mārisa, pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi meta’’nti.
ᅟᅟ51.Nāhaṃ sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, [nandāti bhagavā]
ᅟᅟJātijarāya nivutāti brūmi;
ᅟᅟYe sīdha diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbaṃ.
ᅟᅟAnekarūpampi pahāya sabbaṃ, taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse[anāsavā ye (syā. ka.)];
ᅟᅟTe ve narā oghatiṇṇāti brūmi.
ᅟᅟNāhaṃsabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, nandāti bhagavā jātijarāya nivutāti brūmīti nāhaṃ, nanda, sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇā jātijarāya āvutā nivutā ovutā pihitā paṭicchannā paṭikujjitāti vadāmi. Atthi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā yesaṃ jāti ca jarāmaraṇañca pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammāti brūmi ācikkhāmi desemi paññapemi paṭṭhapemi vivarāmi vibhajāmi uttānīkaromi pakāsemīti – nāhaṃ sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇāse nandāti bhagavā jātijarāya nivutāti brūmi.
ᅟᅟYe sīdha diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbanti ye sabbā diṭṭhasuddhiyo pahāya jahitvā pajahitvā vinodetvā byantīkaritvā anabhāvaṃ gametvā. Ye sabbā sutasuddhiyo pahāya…pe… ye sabbā mutasuddhiyo pahāya, ye sabbā diṭṭhasutamutasuddhiyo pahāya ye sabbā sīlasuddhiyo pahāya, ye sabbā vatasuddhiyo pahāya, ye sabbā sīlabbatasuddhiyo pahāya jahitvā pajahitvā vinodetvā byantīkaritvā anabhāvaṃ gametvāti – ye sīdha diṭṭhaṃva sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbaṃ.
ᅟᅟAnekarūpampi pahāya sabbanti anekavidhakotūhalamaṅgalena suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ pahāya jahitvā pajahitvā vinodetvā byantīkaritvā anabhāvaṃ gametvāti – anekarūpampi pahāya sabbaṃ.
ᅟᅟTaṇhaṃpariññāya anāsavā se, te ve narā oghatiṇṇāti brūmīti. Taṇhāti rūpataṇhā saddataṇhā gandhataṇhā rasataṇhā phoṭṭhabbataṇhā dhammataṇhā. Taṇhaṃ pariññāyāti taṇhaṃ tīhi pariññāhi parijānitvā – ñātapariññāya, tīraṇapariññāya, pahānapariññāya. Katamā ñātapariññā? Taṇhaṃ jānāti [pajānāti (syā.) parijānāti (ka.) mahāni. 13] ‘‘ayaṃ rūpataṇhā, ayaṃ saddataṇhā, ayaṃ gandhataṇhā, ayaṃ rasataṇhā, ayaṃ phoṭṭhabbataṇhā, ayaṃ dhammataṇhā’’ti jānāti passati – ayaṃ ñātapariññā.
ᅟᅟKatamā tīraṇapariññā? Evaṃ ñātaṃ katvā taṇhaṃ tīreti aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato…pe… nissaraṇato tīreti – ayaṃ tīraṇapariññā.
ᅟᅟKatamā pahānapariññā? Evaṃ tīrayitvā taṇhaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, taṇhāya chandarāgo taṃ pajahatha. Evaṃ sā taṇhā pahīnā bhavissati ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā’’. Ayaṃ pahānapariññā. Taṇhaṃ pariññāyāti taṇhaṃ imāhi tīhi pariññāhi parijānitvā. Anāsavāti cattāro āsavā – kāmāsavo, bhavāsavo, diṭṭhāsavo, avijjāsavo. Yesaṃ ime āsavā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā, te vuccanti anāsavā arahanto khīṇāsavā – taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavā.
ᅟᅟTe ve narā oghatiṇṇāti brūmīti ye taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavā, te kāmoghaṃ tiṇṇā bhavoghaṃ tiṇṇā diṭṭhoghaṃ tiṇṇā avijjoghaṃ tiṇṇā sabbasaṃsārapathaṃ tiṇṇā uttiṇṇā nittiṇṇā atikkantā samatikkantā vītivattāti brūmi ācikkhāmi desemi paññapemi paṭṭhapemi vivarāmi vibhajāmi uttānīkaromi pakāsemīti – taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse te ve narā oghatiṇṇāti brūmi. Tenāha bhagavā –
ᅟᅟ‘‘Nāhaṃ sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, [nandāti bhagavā]
ᅟᅟJātijarāya nivutāti brūmi;
ᅟᅟYe sīdha diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbaṃ.
ᅟᅟAnekarūpampi pahāya sabbaṃ, taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse;
ᅟᅟTe ve narā oghatiṇṇāti brūmī’’ti.
ᅟᅟ52.Etābhinandāmivaco mahesino, sukittitaṃ gotamanūpadhīkaṃ;
ᅟᅟYe sīdha diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbaṃ.
ᅟᅟAnekarūpampi pahāya sabbaṃ, taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse;
ᅟᅟAhampi te oghatiṇṇāti brūmi.
ᅟᅟEtābhinandāmivaco mahesinoti. Etanti tuyhaṃ vacanaṃ byappathaṃ desanaṃ anusāsanaṃ anusiṭṭhaṃ nandāmi abhinandāmi modāmi anumodāmi icchāmi sādiyāmi patthayāmi pihayāmi abhijappāmi. Mahesinoti kiṃ mahesi bhagavā? Mahantaṃ sīlakkhandhaṃ esī gavesī pariyesīti mahesi…pe… kahaṃ narāsabhoti mahesīti – etābhinandāmi vaco mahesino.
ᅟᅟSukittitaṃgotamanūpadhīkanti. Sukittitanti sukittitaṃ suācikkhitaṃ [svācikkhitaṃ (ka.)] sudesitaṃ supaññapitaṃ supaṭṭhapitaṃ suvivaṭaṃ suvibhattaṃ suuttānīkataṃ supakāsitaṃ. Gotamanūpadhīkanti upadhī vuccanti kilesā ca khandhā ca abhisaṅkhārā ca. Upadhippahānaṃ upadhivūpasamaṃ upadhinissaggaṃ upadhipaṭippassaddhaṃ amataṃ nibbānanti – sukittitaṃ gotamanūpadhīkaṃ.
ᅟᅟYe sīdha diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbanti ye sabbā diṭṭhasuddhiyo pahāya jahitvā pajahitvā vinodetvā byantīkaritvā anabhāvaṃ gametvā. Ye sabbā sutasuddhiyo…pe… ye sabbā mutasuddhiyo… ye sabbā diṭṭhasutamutasuddhiyo… ye sabbā sīlasuddhiyo… ye sabbā vatasuddhiyo… ye sabbā sīlabbatasuddhiyo pahāya jahitvā pajahitvā vinodetvā byantīkaritvā anabhāvaṃ gametvāti – ye sīdha diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbaṃ.
ᅟᅟAnekarūpampi pahāya sabbanti anekavidhakotūhalamaṅgalena suddhiṃ visuddhiṃ parisuddhiṃ muttiṃ vimuttiṃ parimuttiṃ pahāya jahitvā pajahitvā vinodetvā byantīkaritvā anabhāvaṃ gametvāti – anekarūpampi pahāya sabbaṃ.
ᅟᅟTaṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse, ahampi te oghatiṇṇāti brūmīti. Taṇhāti rūpataṇhā saddataṇhā gandhataṇhā rasataṇhā phoṭṭhabbataṇhā dhammataṇhā. Taṇhaṃ pariññāyāti taṇhaṃ tīhi pariññāhi parijānitvā – ñātapariññāya, tīraṇapariññāya [tiraṇapariññāya (syā.)], pahānapariññāya. Katamā ñātapariññā ? Taṇhaṃ jānāti – ayaṃ rūpataṇhā, ayaṃ saddataṇhā, ayaṃ gandhataṇhā, ayaṃ rasataṇhā, ayaṃ phoṭṭhabbataṇhā, ayaṃ dhammataṇhāti jānāti passati – ayaṃ ñātapariññā.
ᅟᅟKatamā tīraṇapariññā? Evaṃ ñātaṃ katvā taṇhaṃ tīreti [tireti (syā.)] aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato ītito upaddavato bhayato upasaggato calato pabhaṅguto addhuvato atāṇato aleṇato asaraṇato asaraṇībhūtato rittato tucchato suññato anattato ādīnavato vipariṇāmadhammato asārakato aghamūlato vadhakato vibhavato sāsavato saṅkhatato mārāmisato jātidhammato jarādhammato byādhidhammato maraṇadhammato sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammato saṃkilesadhammato samudayato atthaṅgamato assādato ādīnavato nissaraṇato tīreti – ayaṃ tīraṇapariññā.
ᅟᅟKatamā pahānapariññā? Evaṃ tīrayitvā taṇhaṃ pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti – ayaṃ pahānapariññā.
ᅟᅟTaṇhaṃ pariññāyāti taṇhaṃ imāhi tīhi pariññāhi parijānitvā. Anāsavāti cattāro āsavā – kāmāsavo, bhavāsavo, diṭṭhāsavo, avijjāsavo. Yesaṃ ime āsavā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā, te vuccanti anāsavā arahanto khīṇāsavā. Taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse, ahampi te oghatiṇṇāti. Brūmīti ye taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavā, ahampi te kāmoghaṃ tiṇṇā bhavoghaṃ tiṇṇā diṭṭhoghaṃ tiṇṇā avijjoghaṃ tiṇṇā sabbasaṃsārapathaṃ tiṇṇā uttiṇṇā nittiṇṇā atikkantā samatikkantā vītivattāti brūmi vadāmiti – taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse, ahampi te oghatiṇṇāti brūmi. Tenāha so brāhmaṇo –
ᅟᅟ‘‘Etābhinandāmi vaco mahesino, sukittitaṃ gotamanūpadhīkaṃ;
ᅟᅟYe sīdha diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbaṃ.
ᅟᅟAnekarūpampi pahāya sabbaṃ, taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse;
ᅟᅟAhampi te oghatiṇṇāti brūmī’’ti.
ᅟᅟNandamāṇavapucchāniddeso sattamo.
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## 註解
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